UNIVERSITY    OF    CALIFORNIA 


FROM  THE   LIBRARY   OF 

PROFESSOR  FELICIEN  VICTOR  PAGET 

BY  BEQUEST  OF  MADAME  PAGET 


No.3\Ge 


■'ERsiry 

OF 


NOTES 


ON  THE 


URSULE  MIROUET 


OP 


H.  DE  BALZAO. 


BY 

Peof.  r:e:LiciE]N'  y.  paget, 

Of  the  Uniyebsity  op  California, 
AND 

EDWAKD   T.  OWEN, 

Peofkssob  of  the  French  Language  and  Litebaturb 
IN  THE  University  of  Wisconsin. 


OF  THE 


OF  / 


MADISON,  WIS. 

1889. 


Entered  according  to  Act  of  Congress  in  the  year  1889, 

By  EDWARD  T.  OWEN, 

In  the  ofiace  of  the  Librarian  of  Congress,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


DAVID  ATWOOD, 

Peinter  and  Stereotyper, 

madison,  wis. 


X,\  B  HA'r 

OP     T-L.T 


PEEFATOET. 


Valuable  material  was  contributed  to  the  following  notes  by 
the  late  Prof.  Arsene  Darmesteter  of  the  University  of  Paris 
and  by  several  gentlemen  of  the  legal  profession,  who  were 
freely  consulted  as  experts. 

A  work  of  Balzac  is  offered  to  students  of  French,  in  spite  of 
the  carelessness,  the  obscurity  and  the  difficulty  of  his  style 
and  in  the  face  of  the  absurdities  of  which  he  is  guilty,  for  the 
reason  that  these  faults  are  redeemed  by  his  eminence  in  the 
depiction  of  character. 

It  has  been  remarked  by  a  careful  English  student  of  Balzac 
that  he  is  as  close  an  approximation  to  Shakespeare  as  France 
of  to-day  could  make  to  England  of  the  sixteenth  century.  In 
this  connection  mention  of  Goethe  might  also  be  made  with 
advantage.  Though  these  three  can  hardly  be  compared  in 
means  employed  or  ends  accomplished,  it  is  questionable 
whether  modern  times  can  show  a  fourth  worthy  to  be  ranked 
with  them  as  students  of  humanity  —  as  psychologists. 

Among  the  works  of  Balzac  the  Ursule  Mirouet,  though  it 
presents  few  of  his  characteristics  in  all  their  intensity,  was 
selected  for  students'  use  because  ,it  does  not  violate  English 
decorum  and  because  it  avoids  the  distressing  conclusion 
reached  by  so  many  of  his  works. 

It  was  Balzac's  purpose,  never  fully  carried  out  as  planned, 
to  present  in  his  ''Comedie  Humaine"a  complete  picture  of 
humanity  in  all  ranks  and  professions.  Naturally  enough,  in 
one  work,  allusions  to  characters  fully  set  forth  in  other  works 
abound.  To  obtain,  therefore,  the  full  enjoyment  from  one,  it 
is  necessary,  as  in  reading  Thackeray,  to  be  familiar  with  the 
rest.  Generally,  however,  and  especially  in  the  case  of  the 
Ursuls  Mirouet  it  is  true,  that  the  isolated  work  may  be  fully 
comprehended  and  greatly  enjoyed  by  him  who  reads  it  and 
ao  other. 


134490 


NOTES 

ON 

UESULE  MIEOUET. 


Page  numbers  refer  to  Levy's  edition—  1  vol.,  Paris,  1868. 

The  frequency  of  the  notes  renders  the  use  of  other  editions  practicable. 

Dedication.  Ne  trsinBige=makes  no  compromise.  A  don- 
ner,  etc. = (lit.)  Is  not  then  that,  which  to  have  pleased  you 
is,  (calculated)  to  give  pride  to  an  author?=must  not  then 
an  author  be  proud  of  having  pleased  you  P  Tromp6= deceived 
you  (as  to  the  literary  merit  of  my  work). 

3.  Berges=sfeep  banks.  Cliampetres.— This  adjective  is 
allowed  to  precede  its  noun  by  elder  classic  writers.  Of  the 
two  words  the  second  might  be  regarded  as  adjective =ram- 
part-shaped.  Rnban  de  queue  —  a  road  stretching  as  far  as  the 
eye  can  reach.     Flambait=w;as  blazing. 

4.  Rarefaction  —  In  his  *'  comedie  humaine,"  of  which  this 
book  is  a  part,  B.  endeavors  not  only  to  present  the  character 
and  manners  of  Frenchmen  of  his  time,  but  also  to  embody 
much  of  contemporary  science.  The  inevitable  result  is  a 
number  of  blunders,  of  which  the  cited  word  is  apparently  one. 
The  same  sort  of  error  is  to  be  found  in  less  number  in  the 
works  of  George  Sand,  and  much  more  frequently,  from  the 
same  cause  intensified,  in  those  of  Victor  Hugo.  Reg'aiiis= 
second  harvests  (used  of  meadow  land).  Repouss^s^re^ec^ed, 
echoed.  Paul  Potter  —  famous  animal  and  landscape  painter 
of  Dutch  school,  1625-1654.  Hobb^ ma— Dutch  painter,  1635- 
1700,  represented  nature  "under  a  smiling  aspect."  Cro- 
qner =sketch  (roughly).  Original,  etc. = (paradox)  odd  by  dint 
of  being  ordinary.  Caliban  —  See  Shakespeare's  Tempest, 
Forme =^/ie  physical. 

5 


5.  Carnation— fe<^  complexion.  Cdtes  de  melon  —  Each  nat- 
ural section  of  a  round  melon  is  called  a  "cote."  The  cap  is 
made  of  pieces  shaped  like  such  sections  halved  crosswise. 
Moulait=ioofc  tlie  form  of.  Oall  —  founder  of  the  so-called 
science  of  phrenology.  According  to  it  a  large  head  indicates 
great  intellect.  M.  was  an  "exception."  Lustres =gZa^ec?. 
Violac^s,  Qi\ii,— shades  of  purple  under  a  coat  (or  layer)  of 
brown.  Kalmouks  —  the  French  embodiment  of  the  uncouth. 
They  had  the  so-called  "almond  eye."  Marmite,  etc.=:h'fce 
the  foot  of  a  (pot  or)  sauce-pan.  Corde  us6e,  etc.  The  fric- 
tion of  his  semi-weekly-shaven  chin  upon  the  seldom-renewed 
neck-cloth  (foulard)  reduced  it  to  the  semblance  of  a  well- 
worn  cord.     Pliss6,  eta. = corrugated  bij  (deposited)  fat. 

6.  Atlas  —  the  classic  world-sustaining  giant.  Dit  de,  etc.= 
dit  que  c'^tait  un  taureau.  Fouet,  guides,  to\irehe=ivhip, 
reins,  pitchfork.  Joiiait,  etc.=attacJced  rashly.  Maitre  de, 
ete.=maitre  de  poste  de  N.  Vert-l)outeille= &o^fZe  green. 
Coutil=&ed  ticking  —  actually  used  for  summer  clothing. 
Cercle  iioir  —  caused  by  round  box  above.  Camard,  etc.=a 
snub  nose  uses  much  snuff.  This  is  apparently  an  aphorism  of 
B.'s  invention. 

7.  Ji^mQ:\\X2L\i,^ic.=didnotbelie=^wasascrudeas.  Bavard, 
etc.—  disguised  condition=if  he  had  been  talkative  he  ivoidd 
have  seemed  a  failure  (i.  e.,  to  have  failed  to  carry  out  the  un- 
wieldiness,  which  was  the  theme  of  his  composition).  Min- 
ore.t  Levrault  —  Conf.  minor  and  levraut  (little  hare).  Mes- 
sageries  —  strictly,  stage  offices;  but  heTe=stage  companies. 
Droit  (terminer)  — Conf.  faire  son  d.  (—study  law).  Sta- 
giaire  —  from  stage,  period  between  admission  as  licentiate 
(licenci^)  and  call  to  the  bar.  A  traverse  through  and  there- 
fore behind = as  his  backer,  mover,  director. 

8.  Procureur  du  roi— prosecuting  officer  of  the  crown. 
Receveur-g6n6ral=^aa!  collector.  Agent  de  change=s^oefc- 
broker.  Vort= wharf.  Though  an  inland  town,  N.  is  on  the 
canal  which  joins  the  Seine  and  Loire,  Siir  Paris=m  the 
direction  of  Paris.  Dessert,  etc. = does  the  carrying,  further 
on,  for.  Relais=disfance  between  stations.  Fantastique= 
imaginary.  An ti phrase =M'on2/.  The  word  "  maitre  "  is  here 
used  in  usual  sense  —  Conf.  note,  p.  6. 

9.  Bourrelet=pad,  cushion.  VeUe=bald.  Clairette= 
shrill.     Encolure  =  (massive),    neck,    and    hence    (powerful) 


physique,  Adorait  —  In  spite  of  his  bulk  and  strength  M.  is 
nearly  impotent.  A  son  is  accordingly  to  him  more  than  usu- 
ally a  blessing  and  more  than  usually  loved.  Amour= umZiY^ 
of  a  high  order.  Trahissant=:^hscZosmgr,  indicating.  The 
thought  is  thus:  high  virility  indicates  strength;  M.'s  neck 
and  voice  suggested  low  virility,  which  explained  his  weak- 
ness. (xateries=mdit/ge72ce.  Naturel=c/iarac^e7\  Traire= 
milk,  obtain  money  from.     Se  passer=:permz^  himself. 

10.  Lettre,  etc. —  This  letter  might  have  explained  the  sentry 
or  look-out  duty  (faction)  in  which  M.  was  engaged,  in  lack 
of  the  real  reason  (au  besoin— in  case  of  need)  which  was  that 
his  wife  had  *ent  him.  Moiiter  a  cheval,  Q\Q,=ride  out  to 
meet  D.  Vers6=wpsef.  Batteries = broadsides.  Mousque- 
i^Y\Q= discharge  of  musketry.  Poiiideiit=appear,  neologism 
for  poignent.  Caldclie=qpen  top  carriage.  Pommel§=dap- 
pled.  Porteur=/7ie  near  horse  —  the  one  which  carries  (porte) 
the  postillion.  Berline  —  a  kind  of  covered  carriage.  It  is 
not  D.'s  stage  (the  Dueler)  which  now  arrives,  but  some  of  M.'s 
men  who  have  seen  it. 

11.  Entreprise=comjpan2/.  Brul^=(in  stage-drivers'  par- 
lance) passed,  (in  games)  burned,  come  close  to.  Joliment  (in 
familiar  6tyle)= awfully.  Enfonc6=. surpassed.  Br6siller= 
smash.  Tape,  etc.=(strike)  whip  up  P.  (P.  was  the  ill-starred 
prime  minister  of  Charles  X.)  The  idea  is  thus:  iZas  he  (the 
driver  of  the  other  stage)  any  (passengers)?  If  not,  he  will 
drive  the  faster  and  we  must  haste,  if  we  would[overtake  him. 
So  whip  up  the  slow  horse  of  our  team. 

12.  Moni^e— ascent  —  as  we  were  going  up  hill.  Endiman- 
ch6e=w  Sunday  clothes.  Voltes,  etc.— jpeaZs  of  the  bell. 
ToHiqvie^literary  composition.  Coup  de  ^o\ei\=sunstroke 
or  sudden  flush,  Sainte"nitouche=%pom^e  — Sainte  n'y 
touche  —  saint  in  appearance,  who  does  what  she  does  with- 
out seeming  to  do  so. 

13.  Mettre  au  cierge=add  to  the  candle,  give  with  her  of' 
fered  candle.  Rend  le  pain,  et(i.=presents  (to  the  church)  the 
bread  (eaten  by  the  congregation.)  This  is  not  the  holy  wafer. 
Adieu  paniers,  etc.=baskets  are  useless,  for  the  grapes  are 
already  gathered=z^  is  a  hopeless  case.  A  succession =wjiY/i  a 
fortune  to  leave.    MorYeuse=d2r%-wosed  brat. 

14.  Cfif&Y6.=hypocriticaL  The  vous  preceding  is  ethical 
dative.     BougiTal  — the  doctor's  servant.    Subtiliser=fnc& 


8 

away.  Cagotisme=6?go;fr2/.  In  aura  inin^,  just  preceding, 
the  future  concerns  not  the  act,  but  its  demonstration.  Trans., 
it  ivill  be  found  that  he  has  or  he  probably  has.  Sens  dessiis, 
etc. = topsy-turvy. 

15.  Ducli§-pairie  —  dukedom  carrying  with  it  a  peerage 
Arche  —  possibly  formed  by  the  "arbres"  below;  otherwise 
something  in  the  nature  of  a  triumphal  arch,  through  which 
the  church  is  seen,  as  if  it  were  a  picture  framed  by  it  (en- 
cadre).  Vro^rette=tidy.  D^bouchant,  ete.=coming  out 
upon  the  square.  Paroissien  =jpra2/er-6oofc.  Percepteur  de 
contributions=recm'er  of  taxes. 

16.  Crapnlense=de&awc/ied(inthe  worst  sense).  Brouill6= 
mottled.  Ressortir,  etc. = made  still  more  prominent.  Eiit 
et^,  etc. —  The  use  of  the  subjunctive  strips  the  phrase  of  power 
to  assert,  reducing  it  in  this  case  to  the  value  of  an  adjective 
clause.  Trans.:  a  humpback  with  his  hump  within;  i.  e.,  a 
moral  humpback.  (}l\)hosii6= spinal  curvature.  Sardes= 
Sardinians  —  allusion  to  the  Sardinian  herb  dapSortov,  sup- 
posed to  produce  a  convulsive  smile.  Hence  the  word  sardonic. 
Qui-yive,  e.tc.=on  the  alert  for  sarcasm. 

17.  ^mman(ih^s= attached  (used  of  handles).  Bons  ^  jeter, 
etc. = good!  to  throw  (away)  into  a  fence  corner,  good  for  noth- 
ing. Fi\osel\e=floss  silk.  (}r a^  de  erasse= (shinijig  like)  fat 
from  {accumidated)  dirt.  The  dirt  has  acted  as  a  "filler." 
Moule=:metal  or  wooden  form  on  which  the  cloth  of  a  button 
is  stretched,  button  mould.  The  cloth  has  worn  till  this  fell 
out.  Mise= dress.  Q,omij^OYX&\\>= permitted.  M6coniptes= 
disappointmeyits. 

18.  Passions  de  Dionis  —  Read  de  Desire.  ^Yefle=record 
office.  Huissier=s7ier7^^'s  officer.  M^avside=affront  (cause- 
less). Ariane  —  Like  Bacchus  in  the  case  of  Ariadne,  D.  had 
been  obliged  to  leave  his  conquests  (when  the  vacation's  end 
summoned  him  back  to  Paris).  A.VL\M^\i=mixed  repast, 
feast.     He  devoured  his  patron's  erotic  leavings. 

19.  Ricanement=g7m.  Greflfter=?^ecorder,  ^ine\\e=haiv- 
thorn  berry.  Qv^^u^—wooly.  Rell)ord=ratsed  edge.  Expedi- 
tions, etc. —  copy  and  assumably  send  the  judgments,  which 
he  drew  up  for  the  judge.  Rousseur,  etc.=riddled,  spattered 
tvith  freckles,  (jrenre,  etc. —  realize  her  cherished  social  aims. 
Carcel,  etc. —  lamp  in  which  the  oil  is  raised  by  clockwork. 

20.  Coli^ortait=peddled,  retailed,  repeated.    Opiat  — akind 


of  tooth  powder,  understood  as  eau  piat.  Collat^raux  —  rela- 
tives out  of  direct  line  of  descent.  Emeutait  —  brought  to- 
gether in  a  mob  =  ameutait.  Offices  =  religious  exercises. 
Bourse,  et(i.=weeJdy  meeting  of  a  board  of  trade.  Eiitente= 
accord,  mutual  support.  J)enr^cs=produce.  Maiu-d'oeuYre= 
labor. 

21.  Patronne  —  This  uncomfortable  remark  implies  that 
Mme.  D.  is  a  "  femme  galante,"  and  that  failure  to  establish  a 
"liaison"  with  her  has  been  occasioned  by  his  own  neglect. 
Conf.  p.  18,  2d  line.  Tinsim\=sly  felloiv.  Finesses,  etc.= 
let  himself  be  caught  by  the  wiles  .  .  .  Quand  je,  etc.= 
Didn't  I  tell  you  9  Pretent,  e\(i.=credit  others  with  their 
oivn  .  .  .   De  trsi\ers=askance.    Vrise,  eic.=order  of  arrest. 

23.  Filez  {\onx=be  submissive.  En  mourrons  — En  refecsto 
"leguer."  Bien-etre,  etc.=so  many  times  employed  {in  imag- 
ination) for  their  comfort.  Intitule,  etc. —  that  part  of  the 
Inventory  of  an  estate  which  describes  the  interested  parties. 
Hantent=:/regnen^  the  society  of. 

23.  Cribl^s=WddZed,  overwhelmed,  ^weti^s^watched,  in 
the  hope  of  acquisition  by  purchase  or  foreclosure.  Encoiitre, 
etc. =oj>posed  to.  M.m\m.e=petty.  The  faubourg  St.  Gr.  is 
the  aristocratic  quarter  of  Paris  —  hence =aris^ocrac2/.  ^\c\\- 
ards=wealthy  men.  Detaillants,  etc.=on  a  lower  plane  than 
which  middle  class  (bourgeoisie)  struggle  (socially),  the  petty 
tradesmen,  the  (workmen)  common  people  (prol^taires). 
.  .  .  .  Irrsi(i\aiion=branching.  Autochthones^  aborig- 
inal. Tiers  €tsd=the  people,  distinguished  from  the  clergy 
and  nobility,  who  formed  the  first  and  second  '•  etats.*'  Bari- 
ol6=variegated,  varied,  relieved. 

24.  Ansel  me  —  genealogist  of  time  of  Louis  XIV.  B6n6dic- 
tins  —  authors  patient  as  monks  of  that  class.  Gotha,  etc. — 
annual  containing  the  history  of  the  princely  families  of 
Europe.  Atomistique,  etc.=knowledge  extending  even  to 
ultimate  atoms,  profound  learning.  Souches,  etc.=These  four 
stocks  (families)  spread  (tallaient)  instead  vf  confining  them- 
selves to  local  growth  (pivoter=form  a  tap  root)  or  distributed 
themselves  by  cuttings  (boutures).  Ruche  vaeve^mother-hive, 
original  stock.  'N sly ettes= shuttles.  Lambeau,  etc. =eac/ipor- 
tion  found  itself  dress  or  napkin,  fine  cambric  or  coarse  lining 
stuff;  i.  e.,  the  different  branches  of  the  family  varied  in  social 
rank. 


10 

25.  Cog-nomonisme  —  totality  of  names  or  their  bearers. 
Retrograde,  etc. —  The  author  means  simply  the  ascending 
progression  —  2,  4,  8,  etc.  "  Retrograde  "  may  be  understood  of 
the  passage  from  present  to  past  time.  This  particular  series 
having  2  as  its  first  term  (representing  two  parents)  and  2  as 
its  ratio  (2X2=4  grand -parents ;  2X2x2=8  great-grand-par- 
ents, etc.)  is  loosely  described  as  multiplied  by  itself. 

26.  Echecs=c7iess.  Epi=ear.  Case=sgware.  Echiquier= 
chess-board.  Jja(i\»=net-work.  i}ro»=pregnant.  Grands 
parents— grand-parents,  ancestors.  Morellet  —  Pronounce 
Morle,  to  lead  up  to  the  pun. 

27.  S^ide  —  personage  in  Voltaire's  Mahomet  so  blindly  at- 
tached to  him  as  to  be  willing  to  commit  murder  in  his  inter- 
est. Annonce,  etc.=^7ie  advertisement  was  permanently  in- 
serted. Affaire  =  speculation.  Coden  ="  dispensary.'"  A 
moin^=with  less  cause.  Nouyelle  H^loise  —  the  famous  senti- 
mental romance  of  J.  J.  Rousseau.  ClaYeciniste=j)iamsif 
(nearly).     Peines,  etc.=degradi7ig  punishments. 

28.  Fiirer=avoid.  An6Yrisme=arterial  tumor  or  7iea?'i  d2s- 
ease.  Petite-maltresse=eZegra?zit  lady.  Mourir  au  gite=die 
at  home. 

29.  Sawle=w?iZZoM?.  'Rue— get  up!  Agreste=rural.  Nap- 
pes, etc. —  sheets  of  still  water  succeeded  by  falls,  apparent 
reference  to  dam  with  still  water  above  it  and  a  sheet  of  water 
falling  over  its  face. 

30.  Sectaire,  etc.=^7ie  follower  of  the  free-thhiking  school; 
i.  e. ,  Doctor  M.  Fr^ron  —  a  critic  between  whom  and  V.  hos- 
tility existed.  Que  le  capitaine  — Que  repeats  comme  (=par- 
ce  que). 

31.  Epuis^e=here  rather  fully  considered  than,  as  usual, 
run  out.  Fourrages=/odder,  etc.  Laisser  mourir=Ze^  death 
catch  him. 

32.  BStie  snr  caTes= Tias  cellars  or  a  basement.  Perron  =: 
front  steps.  Consacr^,  etc.=7ie  had  used  one  of  these  win- 
dows as  the  entrance  of  a  long  conservatory.  .  .  Cage  de 
I'escalier  —  space  occupied  by  stairs.  OWiCe=pantry.  Pra- 
tiqu^=arra?2g'ed  Grillages  — furnished  with  wire  netting. 
lbSimbriss€es=plastered,  i.  e.,  finished. 

33.  Treillages= if reZZises.  'Ra^porte—produce  (pecuniarily). 
A  fresqiie  —  should  follow  "peindre."  Entidres=o/  a  single 
piece  —  not  mad6,  as  at  first,  of  small  pieces  united.  Parquet^; 


XI 

floor.  Marqneterie=:inZaid  work.  Emigres  —  nobles  who  left 
France  during  the  Revolution.  Folie-L.— L.'s  Folly  — the 
place  on  which  he  spent  so  much  money  foohshly. 

34.  Leiirr6s=:m2s/ed.  Hospices  =  hospitals,  Oardieniie  — 
Note  that  M.  L.  had  charge  of  the  property  during  the  doctor's 
absence.  Gatiiiais,  Brie  — names  of  provinces.  yiageres= 
for  life  only. 

35.  Gouvernante=/ioi(se-A;eeper.  Connaissait  au^Z^new'^/ia^ 
Tie  had  (knew  to  be  to  him).  Grand-livre=general  list  of 
state  creditors  —  book  in  which  government  bonds  are  regis- 
tered —  state  ledger.  XQ,cvi%i\\eni— indicated.  The  for  France 
very  high  rate  of  interest  is  partly  explained  by  the  depression 
of  government  bonds.  Huit  inilie  —  Note  that  this  sum  is  ob- 
tained by  dividing  one  hundred  and  sixty  thousand  francs  by 
twenty  years  of  practice.  Larrey  —  the  surgeon  philanthro- 
pist known  as  "  La  providence  du  soldat."  L^g-ion  d'hon- 
Jieur  —  a  civil  and  military  order,  of  unlimited  membership, 
instituted  by  Napoleon  I.  to  take  the  place  of  orders  suppressed 
by  the  Revolution.  Saint  Michel  —  a  military  order  instituted 
by  Louis  XI.  in  1469;  the  membership  w^as  at  first  thirty-six, 
afterwards  one  hundred,  and  comprised  only  noblemen  of  high 
rank.  In  1588  it  was  united  with  the  order  of  "  the  St.  Esprit," 
and  given  to  magistrates,  writers,  artists,  etc.  Re-established 
during  the  Restoration,  it  was  suppressed  in  1830. 

36.  Soiiriioiseinent=sZ?/Z2/.  Tintouin=:em6arra,9smew^ring- 
jng  in  the  ears),  (^ui  les  premiers  —  refers  irregularly  to 
petite-niece  and  mari. 

37.  Roiidemeiit,  eiQ,.=dealt  so  closely  with.  In6dits=?m- 
puhlished,  secret.  Hehitions^^influence.  Perception=coZZec^ 
orship.  Cautioniieinent=:secMH^2/'  Demi-bourse  —  half  ex- 
emption from  educational,  board  and  lodging  charges. 

38.  Amours,  qXc— ruffled  vanities.  En  regard,  etc. =op- 
posite  (the  descriptions  of)  the  heirs  (see  p.  22).  Grossir 
la  cour=s?re/Z  the  attendance.  Cordon  noir  —  the  black 
ribbon  to  which  was  attached  his  cross  of  the  order  of  St. 
Michael. 

39.  Tricirnc—backgammon.  'De  la  force = as  good  a  player 
as.  F^nelou  —  the  prelate,  writer,  moralist,  theologian  and 
philanthropist  of  the  XVIIth  century,  cited  for  his  gentleness 
and  ardent  charity. 

40.  Ouailles=/oc&.     Vreshyi^re=parsonage.     Oobseck  — 


12 

one  of  Balzac's  impersonations  of  the  avaricious  usurer. 
Oreilles=sJ^raps.  His  knee  breeches  are  provided  with  but- 
tons and  straps  (fastened  by  buckles).  The  latter  are  in  this 
case  passed  through  the  button-holes.  De  inise=weara6Ze. 
Reprises = dams.    Cilice =/iair  shirt. 

41.  Convert,  etc.=lcnife,  fork  and  spoon  of  wrought  iron. 
Desservants  —  his  representatives  in  the  smaller  towns  of  that 
canton,  of 'the  principal  town  of  which  he  was  himself  the 
curate.  The  "  cures  "  were  from  other  cantons,  and  ecclesias- 
tically his  equals  in  rank.  Charge  (referring  to  jpurs)=a  bur- 
den. Fait  son  salnt=is  working  out^  its  salvation.  Rehaus- 
sstient^  enhanced.    Boissean=?ms7ieZ. 

42.  Ponrsnivre=sMe  or  persecute.  Lopin=a  small  piece, 
bit.  Fabricien  —  manager  of  the  church  property.  Serment  — 
oath  to  support  the  civil  constitution  of  the  French  church, 
promulgated  by  the  Revolutionary  government. 

43.  In  manus  (tuas  Domine  commendo  spiritum  meum)  — 
prayer  preparatory  for  death.  Arcades=orbital  arches,  eye- 
brows. Qrhoiinants=growing  gray.  Veau  d'Orl^aus  —  a  sort 
of  leather.  Sontane = priestly  robe,  cassocA;.  Tricorne  —  the 
three-cornered  hat  worn  mainly  before  the  Revolution,  and, 
contrary  to  B.'s  apparent  idea,  still  worn  by  priests  to-day. 

44.  Remonter,  etc.=I^  was  necessary  at  the  outset  to  (go 
back  to  the  source  of)  show  the  reason  for  his  influence.  Ul- 
ira=extreme  royalist.  Recneil =coZZec^io?i,  publication,  maga- 
zine. Encyclop6diste= /reef /linger  (i.  e.,  Doctor  M.).  Voltal- 
rien=skeptic.  A  la=m  the  style  of.  'Ras=short.  Similitude, 
etc.=resemblance  of  (another's)  misfortune  (to  his  own). 

45.  Engourdis,  etc. = His  movements,  ivhich  {usually,  in  the 
presence  of  others)  were  rendered  sluggish  by  a  languor,  less 
the  result  of  age  than  of  calculation,  showed  (through  their 
agitation)  .  .  .  SanBle  ssly oir= without  knowing  it  (while 
thinking  himself  a  disciple  of  Voltaire) — perhaps  an  allusion 
to  M.  Jourdain  (in  the  Bourgeois  Gentilhomme),  who  makes 
prose  **  sans  le  savoir." 

46.  Mot  de  V€nigme=^answer  to  the  puzzle,  which  their 
characters  offer.  Que  Madame  de  P. —  continuation  of  the 
construction  with  que  le  cure  above.  De  guerre  lasse,  etc. — 
*'  Lasse"  agrees  with  guerre,  which  figuratively  stands  for  the 
hostile  parties.  Trans. :  Weary  of  war  (in  despair  of  converting 
others  to  his  habit  of  keeping  late  hours)  he  had  at  last  adopted 


13 

the  habit  of  retiring  early  in  spite  of  the  thorns  (painful 
thoughts)  which  stuffed  his  pillow  (kept  him  awake).  La  rnSine 
langue  — the  language  of  ideas  (suggesting  general  mental 
equality).     La  pratique  Ae= acquaintance  icith. 

47.  Flaira=go^  wind  of.  Garde  des  sceaux ^mwus^er  of 
justice,  Praticiens=e£cpeHencecZ  lawyers  (who  have  actu- 
ally practiced).  Faisait  son  droit=it7as  studying  law.  Chef 
de  division  —  applied  to  government  clerks  of  high  rank. 
Bl^mie  —  implies  debilitating  causes,  while  blSme  may  suggest 
merely  natural  pallor.     Trans. :  rather  ivan  than  pale. 

48.  J)6color6s= faded.  Rabattus=smoo^/ied  dovm,  rolled 
hack.  Raniass6 =s/iorf.  Etincelles — These  are  not  the  snow- 
flakes  which  fell  from  the  mouths  of  Homer's  wise  men.  B.  in 
the  strictest  sense  sputtered.  Emouss^=dmwied.  Gontenance 
=bearing.  Iisichetsi\i=redeemed.  Moraliste=sifMde/i^  of 
character.  Indulgence,  eic.=respect  for  others'  opinions,  nat' 
ural  to  superior  minds. 

49.  IIlustrations=^7ZMsfr^o^ts  men.  S'il  devait-— ewn  if, 
etc.    ]!insLnGe=distinction.    Arri^re-saisoii= evening   of  life, 

50.  Cnrsiteur=^guardian.  (jSiq\ietiige= gossip.  Excessive 
regard  for  public  opinion  would  suppress  the  picturesque  di- 
versity in  modes  of  life  which  characterized  different  sec- 
tions—  destroy  local  coloring  —  make  of  France  one  (same, 
homogeneous  and  therefore)  monotonous  province. 

51.  Mere  de  lsiii=foster-mother.  'Soni'i'ison»=nurselings, 
Mur6e=walled  up,  secured  from  intrusion.  Patelinage= 
wheedling. 

52.  Mais  elle  eut,  etc. —  Avarice  is  usually  aimless,  but,  etc. 
Abounements=sM5sc?'2j)h*ons.  Chaussu re  =/oof-grear.  Toucher 
et'plsieeT=collect  and  invest.  Trait=re/erence.  Souscriptions 
—  solicitations  to  subscribe  to  political  publications  or  election 
funds.  V rHr SLille=priestly  rabble.  Conf.  canaille  (chie- 
naille,  chien).  Cur^  Meslier  — left  a  testament  in  which  he 
declared  his  unbelief  in  the  doctrines  which  all  his  life  he  had 
taught.  This  was  published  by  Voltaire.  Foy  — the  noted 
soldier  orator.  Though  neutral  in  religious  matters,  he  was  op- 
posed by  the  clerical  party  on  account  of  his  political  liberality. 

53.  Honionymes^persons  bearing  same  name.  Centre= 
focus  of  social  reunion  (like  the  doctor's).  They  accordingly 
met  as  described  below.  Gagner,  etc,=spread  from  neighbor 
to  neighbor. 


14 

54.  Sonrde= stifled.  D'^ternel,  etc. = God  alone  is  eternal. 
Damocles  —  a  flatterer  of  Dionysiusthe  tyrant— lauded  greatly 
the  good  fortune  of  that  prince.  The  latter,  in  order  to  enable 
him  to  judge  rightly  of  its  value,  invited  him  to  a  banquet, 
where,  having  caused  him  to  be  attired  and  attended  like  a 
prince,  he  had  suspended  above  his  head  a  naked  sword,  swung 
from  the  ceiling  by  a  single  horse-hair.  Par  forme  de  conver- 
SSLtion=roughly.    Pacte= compact.    Avantag-er^/at'or. 

55.  II  A  dvL— he  must  have.  Hemue=handles.  Cent  seize= 
16  per  cent,  above  par.  Chausserait,  e\c.=icould  fix  (lit.,  shoe) 
us  nicely.    Cliarge=oj^ce,  business. 

56.  Cern^=hemmed  in.  Trsinses= alarms.  L6sioii,  etc.= 
wit  enough  to  understand  an  injury  to  one's  interests.  Griron, 
etc. =6osom  of  the  church.  Ordinaire  —  regular  prayers  or 
book  containing  them.  Diable,  etc. —  Allusion  to  the  tendency 
of  the  old  to  prepare  for  another  life.  Des  notres  —  of  the  cler- 
ico-monarchical  partj'. 

57.  Contr£iri6i6— vexation.  B,irsiii-\l=wouldn't  he  laugh! 
Entortiller,  eic.='round  whom  may  the  devil  twist  his  taill 
Fontaine,  etc. —  used  here  in  a  very  general  sense=you  can 
never  be  sure  that  a  thing  ivill  not  happen.  Comme  si  de  rien, 
etc. = as  if  nothing  had  happened.  Com'p^re= confederate,  ac- 
complice. 

58.  D61i6,  etc.=subtile  as  a  silk  thread.  Usure  hypothe- 
eiiire=usurious  interest  on  mortgages.  Tour:=:a  ^oirer,  refer- 
ring to  his  size  and  immobility.  Indienne— crtZico.  Garni  — 
Place  this  word  after  brode,  as  in  the  other  edition  and  trans. : 
an  embroidered  bonnet  trimmed  with  lace. 

59.  An  doig't,  etc.=by  a  move  of  the  finger  and  a  glance 
of  the  eye  —  tyrannically.  Clinquant  —  coliflchets=tinsel  — 
trinkets=s?iow2/  trifles.  Troussean=bztnc/i.  Crlapissant=: 
screaming.  Bomh^- convex.  Yolont6,  etc.— Being  obliged 
to  furnish  wdll-rpower  for  herself  and  her  weak-minded  hus- 
band, she  had  been  left  with  enough  for  a  favorite  besides. 
"  Rdgnes  "  further  suggests  the  idea  of  dominant  influence  (em- 
phasized by  the  I,  II,  III  of  royalty  below),  though  these  royal 
figure-'heads  were  themselves  governed  by  the  mistress  of  the 
house.  Tenne=style  of  dress.  'Eisih\l==:established  in  business. 
Bons  sujets,  etc.=^ energetic  ivorJcers,  good  postillions. 

60.  Nourri,  cic.=7mrsed  by  undiscovered  means.  Tr§ve=: 
respite.    D^rober,  etc,=abstract  a  bundle  of  hay  or  a  fern 


15 

bushels  of  oats.  Comme  uii  ehsLt=very  illegibly.  Toiser=es- 
timate.  Bottelage=tying  into  bundles,  binding.  Betement, 
etG.=turned  up  at  the  end  so  idiotically.  Avant  lui  — She 
took  pains  to  be  the  first  to  be  angry.  Goiids,  elc.=off  your 
hinges,  beside  yourself. 

61.  Prunelles=i)Mi)i7s.  Elevation,  eic.=the  mass  had  pro- 
ceeded as  far  as  the  elevation  of  the  host.  Recueillement= 
meditation,  composure.  Chapelles  —  the  compartments  along 
the  cathedral's  sides.  Com=die.  Se  pr§tent,  etc.=are  fa- 
vorable subjects  for  medallic  art.  Ration =ra^to,  relative  size 
of  parts,  proportion.  Vress6=compressed.  'Fuyaut=retr eat- 
ing.   Vente^inclination. 

63.  Sous  b6n6flce  d'inventaire  — law  phrase  meaning,  usu- 
ally: responsible  for  the  claims  against  an  inherited  estate 
only  as  far  as  they  are  covered  by  its  value.  Here,  more  gen- 
erally=so  far  only  as  it  pays.  'F\ocoiis=flocks,  tufts.  Pou- 
de-soie  —  a  sort  of  lustreless  silk.  Rosette  rou^e  —  badge  of 
the  legion  of  honor.  Caract^U^e^ stroiigly  marked.  Crois^e 
=window.    Paupieres  ros€es=reddened  eyelids. 

63.  Fond  de  train,  etc.=coming  up  at  full  speed  to  the  stage 
office.  D^barquer,  etc.=to  his  alighting  (from  the  stage),  to 
meet  him  on  his  arrival;  as  a  lawyer  he  can  and  as  an  inter- 
ested party  he  will  advise  us. 

64.  Boute-en-train=Z27e  and  soul.  Emoi,  et(i.=put  in  a 
flurry.  Tluet=thin.  Portiere— sfage  door.  Sons-pied8= 
foot-straps.  Attach^  —  by  a  pin  or  ring.  De  fantaisie  =/anc2/. 
£lie\reaii=Md.  Vomme  ^^ or = gold  head.  Fait  expres  —  al- 
ludes to  the  chain  left  dangling  according  to  the  fashion  of  the 
time. 

65.  Serment  —  the  oath  to  perform  his  duties  to  his  clients 
and  abide  by  the  law  and  constitution.  Rire,  etc. =Js  fun  the 
word  9  (are  we  going  to  have  a  good  time?)  Licence,  etc.— 
The  play  upon  words  is  lost  in  English.  You  adopt  freedom 
of  speech  as  your  theme  or  (as,  sometimes  in  musical  parlance, 
determining  element  or)  characteristic,  now  that  you  are  li- 
censed, your  thesis  being  accepted  =  Ybit  have  become  blunt 
since  obtaining  your  degree.  Se  taise.  Mme  M.  thus  under- 
stands *•  these."  Ce  que  yai=my  baggage.  Bo\irgeonn§=pi7n- 
pled. 

66.  'Peignoir,  etc.=cut  like  a  dressing  gown.  Pelerine— large 
turn-down   collar.     Ourlet=/iem.      Corsage=bu.st.     Mate= 


16 

lustreless.  Fard=:  (figuratively)  cosmetic  (by  reason  of  its  be- 
comingness).  V^^%\nfiit= outlined.  Taille,  etc.=a  umsi  yZai 
(at  the  back).  Paille  de  Y\z=rice  strmv.  Brides=s^rmgs. 
Ueley i\iit=emphasizing.  A  la  Bertlie  —  in  double  flat  bands, 
parted  on  the  forehead. 

67.  'Siittes= plaits  or  braids.  Tresses  —  implies  that  the 
"  nattes  "  were  formed  by  the  union  of  smaller  braids.  Bosses = 
salient  points  (formed  by  the  curving  strands  of  the  tresses). 
FsiAenr=insipidity.  Puret6  des  l\gneB=beauty  (of  the 
sculpturesque    or  regular    order).     Vhjsionomie= expression 

I  (usually  accompanied  by  irregularity).  CAmhre=arched. 
Cliauss#s=cased.  Brodequins= Zoif?  boots.  Glands^tosseZs. 
Haies=Zwes  along. 

68.  N'aurait  pas,  etc,=even  if  he  had  not.  Devait  siifflre, 
etc. = there  was  to  be  a  sufficiency  with,     .     .     .     one  glance 

0i  must  have  sufficed.  Aflfaire  i  YOU.s=your  doing,  or  (with  the 
value  of  done  in  your  style)  so7ne  of  your  handi-iuork.  Cou- 
Yerture,  etc.= God  is  made  responsible  for  many  things. 

69.  Maqiiv^non  =  jockey.  Couehe=(iead.  Comiiie  aprds  — 
Comme=a/id  emphatic.  B.  has  carelessly  interchanged  the 
natural  positions  of  "  avant"  and  '*  apres."  Fete  —  day  cele- 
brated in  honor  of  the  saint  for  whom  U.  was  named. 

70.  Vens^e=pansy.  Mant.elet=cape.  Vamers=hoopskirts. 
Meurtris  —  circled  with  black  and  blue.  Fnn6= withered. 
Tours  de  cheveux  =/aZse  front  hair.  Badiner  =:/roZtc  (fig.). 
Trouh\6e=^bewildered  (disturbed  by  anxiety). 

71.  Bras  dessus,  etG.=arm  inarm.  €re\ette=praivn{sing. 
popularly  for  plur.  ?)  —  suggestive  of  luxurious  dinner.  The 
eminently  appropriate  meaning  of  woman  of  easy  virtue  (fern, 
of  creve  dandy)  is  of  recent  origin.  Floriue— one  of  B.'s 
theatrical  characters.  Tout  court — known  disreputably  by  her 
first  name  only.  Dindonner=:?naA;e  a  fool  of.  Creature  (sec- 
ond t\ine)= disreputable  womayi.  Nathan  —  one  of  B.'s  literary 
characters.  Boiigraud — even  B.  with  all  his  shrewdness.  Pris=: 
deceived. 

73.  Aiglemont,  Rouvre  — See  p.  23.  Hypoth^qu^s— mor/- 
gaged,  conditioned  on.  T acteur= manufacturer.  Italiens  — 
a  Parisian  opera  house,  so  called  from  its  exclusive  rendition 
of  Italian  operas.     Suppose  =/eic/ned. 

73.  Tort  —  V.  M.  had  refused  to  recognize  by  marriage  his 
relation  to  J.  M.,  out  of  respect  to  the  doctor's  wife,  his  dangl> 


17 

ter  in  marriage.     Fonds^stock  (in  trade).     Naturel,  eic.=ex- 
travagant  tendencies. 

74.  Voulut= willed,  resolved.  ^Exi^^viencQ— experiment 
(stated  below).     Malingre=sicfcZ2/. 

75.  Bionfaisance,etc.=The  charitable  adoption  of  another's 
child  was  an  indemnification  of  his  thwarted  paternal  instinct. 
'Re\}ortA= transferred.  Sensibility  profonde=ac2tife  sensitive- 
ness.   'Doi<^ts=toes.    Pellicule=:^Zm. 

76.  Cliaiig-er,  etc. —  i.  e.,  in  the  cases  in  which  these  laws  in- 
volved suffering.  V orient = extend  them  {''les  delicatesses  ") 
to,  manifest  them  in. 

77.  N'est-il  pas  —  inversion  usual  after  aussi.  P6tulance= 
noisy  vivacity.  Sphere,  etc.=its  proper  environment.  Son 
soleil  —  especially  appropriate  developing  influences.  Se  re- 
connnt  i)as=did  not  recognize  to  be  to  himself,  saw  that  he 
had  no  right  to.    .    .     .    Sapron  =  C/ioperon. 

78.  Compte,  etc.  =  Fow  will  receive  credit  for  this  with  Ood. 
En  se  joiiant=af  play,  without  effort.    {lm\ie'asiit= controlled. 

79.  EIan=mj9wZse.  Nuance,  etc.=<?iis  distinction  is  pecul- 
iar to.  Fin,  eXc.=Nature's  plans  and  her  methods  so  far  as 
known  .  .  .  while  stating  only  exact  ideas.  Droit  a  Dien, 
etc. —  sought  explanation  in  immediate  reference  to  Divine 
power.     'Em\n§tii=encroached.    Sermonn§e=2rarnecZ. 

80.  Scell^s,  etc.=applied  the  seals  to  closets,  etc.,  to  prevent 
secret  removal  of  contents  prior  to  division  according  to  will. 
Servi=&een  used. 

81.  Mystique — opposed  here  to  materialistic  and  practical. 
Trans. :  spiritual  or  heavenly-minded.  'Fillenle=god-daugh' 
ter.    Einl>anin6s=/ragfrawf. 

82.  Bandelette  royale=(band  worn  about  the  forehead  in 
the  position  of  a)  coronet.  Euisselant=s^reaming.  Ruche  — 
plaited  lace  trimming.  Comete=a  kind  of  narrow  ribbon. 
Also  a  heraldic  ornament.  Limbes,  etc.— strictly,  border  of 
Hell,  where  souls  of  unbaptized  children  are  received.  As  the 
mid'ground  between  the  darkness  of  Hell  and  celestial  bright- 
ness it  may  be  rendered  twiligJit.  Orille  —  garden-gate  made 
like  a  grating.     Tint  b  )n=/ieZd  firmy  stood  his  ground. 

83.  Niaiseries=siZZi/  trifles.  En  XvQ.iJi= continuing.  A  (juii 
le  di^— whose  first  throw? 

84.  ijfii^nev— defeat.  TwieiXY— guardian.  Subvenait=?wef.' 
Saint  Jean.— **  Z7f  queant  laxis  —  Re-son  are    fibris  —  ilfi-re^ 

2 


18 

gestorum— J'a-muli  tuorum— S'oZ-ve  poiluti— Za-bii  reatum  — 
^Sa-ncte  Johannes."  Sa  was  changed  to  si  and  do  employed 
for  ut  in  major  scales. 

85.  Resolution,  etc. —  At  first  communion  good  resolutions 
are  recorded.  B.  apparently  refers  to  the  results  of  these. 
Usure,  etc.—  Their  good  deeds  have  reward  in  view.  Com- 
merce —  refers  to  usure.     A  la  notre  —  Supply  maniere. 

86.  Se  reservait. —  Se  is  the  emphatic  word.  l)issideiice= 
difference  of  opinion.    So\i\ag6=relieved. 

87.  Troubles  —  of  the  passage  into  womanhood.  Eetentisse- 
ment,  eic,=reaction  on  emotional  status.  Labourent,  etc.= 
rip  up,  down  to  the  rocJc,  the  soil.  .  .  .  Gluck  —  held  that 
music  should  be  subordinate  to  accompanying  thought.  L^g-i- 
timer,  etc.=ohtain  approval  for.  Hahnemann  —  the  founder 
of  homoeopathy.    Nail  —  Read  Gall.    Bosses =&wmps. 

88.  Adeptes= initiates, /oZZoit^'ers.  Piccinistes — followers 
of  Piccini.  Avant  I'arrgt  —  before  scientific  decision  could 
be  reached.  Mesmer— the  discoverer  of  so-called  animal 
magnetism.  In  the  following  pages  B.  may  be  regarded  as  a 
mere  mouth-piece  of  contemporaneous  ideas.  His"Seraphi- 
tus"  and  "Jesus  Christ  in  Flanders"  support  this  view. 
Baquet  —  a  large  tank  of  water.  Herein  were  submerged  a 
quantity  of  symmetrically  arranged  bottles,  themselves  filled 
with  water.  Connection  with  the  interior  of  this  tank  was 
maintained  by  iron  wires  (fils),  the  outer  ends  of  which  were 
placed  in  the  hands  of  the  sick.  M.  himself  declared  later 
that  his  baquet  was  unnecessary.  Triple-face — refers  per- 
haps to  heat,  light  and  electro-magnetism,  or  to  electricity, 
magnetism,  and  animal  magnetism.  Perhaps  a  place  should 
be  made  for  spiritualism.  Contemporaine  cle=as  old  as. 
Qsi\il€e= Galileo. 

89.  Accommodaient,  etc,= accept,  tolerate.  Convulsion- 
naires  —  name  given  to  fanatics  of  theXVIIIth  century  who 
experienced  convulsions  and  inflicted  on  themselves  tortures  to 
which  they  claimed  to  be  insensible.  Sommation,  etc.=a  call, 
an  invitation;  challenge  to  make  experiments.  Dix  pieds^z/ 
there  were  ten  feet.  The  conclusion  is  put  emphatically  in  the 
present.  l!!lLsLCih.in§=is (contriYed)  like  a  machine.  Jets,  etc.= 
throws,  attempts  (see  jeter,  below),  trials  which  chance  pre- 
supposes. Recnlaient=wjere  confounded  by.  Comporte=^acZ- 
mits,  implies.     "  Que  "  is  object. 


19 

90.  Saiiit-Hilaire  (1772-1844)  — conceived  the  idea  of  the 
"unity  of  organic  structure  in  animals,"  exemplified  by  the 
appearance  in  the  embryo  of  higher  animals,  as  transitional 
characteristics,  of  the  permanent  characteristics  of  the  adult 
in  lower  forms  of  life.  Gain  de  ca\ise=victory.  I)issidents= 
dissenters  (from  the  view  of  the  medical  majority).  Tenaient 
^oiir=sided  with.  R§r§»\ar(ineB=heretical  leaders.  Sourde= 
stifled,  underhanded,  unproclaimed,  disguised.  Robe  =pro- 
fessional  (dress)  etiquette,  official  science. 

91.  Aiissi,  etc.=Is  it  not  also  true  that  (in  general)  ideas 
.  .  .  Seraient  —  is  weaker  than  seront;  seront  is  weaker 
thansont.  Donna  dans,  ^iQ,=was  caught  by  the  new  creed. 
Pr^v6t=lieutenant,  chief  supporter.  Lavater  —  a  special 
student  of  physiognomy. 

92.  Sweden bor^  —  the  Swedish  scientist  and  theosoph  —  be- 
lieved that  he  had  communion  with  spirits  and  received  Divine 
revelations.  Seconde  y\\^~second  sight,  divination.  Chiro- 
mancie  — the  art  of  foretelling  a  person's  future  from  his  hand. 
Cartomancie— the  art  of  foretelling  the  future  by  means  of 
cards.  Horoscopie  —  the  art  of  foretelling  a  person's  future 
from  the  position  of  certain  stars  at  his  birth.  Catalepsies 
trance.  Mise  en  oeuYre,  e{c.= stimulation,  excitement  —  The 
reference  is  perhaps  to  hysteria.  Amenaient,  etc.— ZecZ  .  .  . 
to  (actual)  experiment,  Tombent,  etc. —  disappear  from  view, 
cease  to  attract  attention.  Prescrivent,  etc.=can  hardly  be 
lost  or  outlawed  (by  lapse  of  time).     Tauiiis=dog-hole,  den. 

93.  line,  eic.=unless  all  sciences  are  to  be  regarded  as  one. 
Taon— horse-fly.  Pouifaient,  et(i.=burst  out  laughirig.  Ran- 
geant,  eic»= classifying  the  facts  of  magnetism  (animal)  among 
the  tricks  (surprises),  etc.  Comus,  Comte,  Bosco  —  more  or 
less  famous  jugglers,  etc. 

94.  Etendent,  etc.=give  too  much  scope  [to  activity).  L'on 
s'y  met=forces  are  joined.  Cor\^s=associations.  Conyic- 
iion^  eic.=iVs  not  your  purse  but  your  creed  that  I  am  aiin- 
ing  at. 

95.  Relever=6e  beholden  to.  Fondroysint= overwhelming. 
^&Ant= extinction, \nullity.    Hi^lor  ^s=weeping. 

96.  Jieiidre=give  back  (save  from  death).  Simire= shroud. 
RsLdieux=brilliant  (luminous,  fig.,  i.  e.),  convincing.  Hoehe- 
men\s=tossings. 


20 

97.  Defiance,  e\c.=ivhose  distrust  ims  aroused.  Baqiiet, 
etc.=A^o  more  tubs?    Mystifi6=i?7iposed  upo7i. 

98.  EntrA\ es=shacMes,  hindrances,  Dit  de  reille =ca/?e<^ 
ivaking.  Qatne=^ sJieath,  envelope.  Point  d'appui — fulcrum, 
basis.  Von([ev&hle=measurable.  Condamn^,  etc. —  Science 
has  hitherto  committed  the  error  of  denying  what  cannot  be 
perceived,  instead  of  criticising  its  testing  instruments. 

99.  Comme  en  Chine  —  Conf.  note,  p.  69.  Etre  pour  rien= 
exercise  any  influence.  Se  recneillir=coZZeci  himself.  Pytho- 
nisse  —  the  prophetic  priestess  of  the  Delphic  oracle.  Trepied  — 
the  tripod  on  which  she  sat  while  receiving  inspiration.  As- 
pirer,  etG,=breathe  in  through  him. 

100.  Panpieres,  etc.=/oiyered,  closed  eyelids.  Cabajontis  — 
an  architectural  jumble.  This  is  the  "pavilion  chinois"of 
p.  32.  Yigne  y\^vg^~ivy-grape.  Cadran  solaire— szm-dmZ. 
Plantoir=seed-planter,  dibble.    Ratisser^ra/te. 

101.  Personrfe  ne  piit=anz/ one  might  not  —  or  in  full:  ex- 
cept ichat  any  one  might.  Inquiet  —  See  p.  87.  Limpidit6= 
clearness,  purity  of  style.  Je  le  veux  bieu=I  am  willing  as  to 
it,  I  admit  it  or,  as  often,  very  well. 

102.  De  qui  tenir,  etc.=s7ie  has  whom  to  resemble,  i.  e., 
there  is  no  lack  of  persons  from  whom  to  inherit  intensity  of 
feeling.     Voyait,  etc. = one  might  see  her  see. 

103.  Se  d6pite=:2s  vexed.  II  sera  — 1.  e.,  Savinien.  R^- 
»6dA— mignonette.  Vols,  eiii.=siv€et peas.  Balsamines  —  same 
in  Eng.  Pieds,  etQ,=larkspur.  A  m.esnre=successively,  im- 
mediately. 

104.  Yitr6=glazed.    Case = compartment.    R,ang^e=roiy. 

105.  Dartreux  —  from  dartre,  a  skin  disease.  Percluse= 
paralyzed  (nearly),  impotent.     Trom\)a=beguiled. 

106.  Sicambre —  "  Baisse  la  tete,  fier  Sicambre;  adore  ce  que 
tu  as  brule  et  br^ile  ce  que  tu  as  adore  "  —  words  addressed  to 
the  French  King  Clovis  (who  belonged  to  the  Sicambrian  tribe) 
by  St.  Remy,  bishop  of  Rheims,  at  the  moment  of  baptizing 
him.  Mises  en  raport=Joined.  Papillotes=cwrZ-papers. 
Vrie-J)ieu=praying-desk. 

107.  Epluche=picks,  minutely  examines.  Dessiller=ope?i. 
Voie  du  ssilu.t=way  of  salvation. 

108.  Partie=asZeep.  Cabriolets  bourgeois  —  sort  of  cov- 
ered buggy,  styled  bourgeois  as  being  better  and  cleaner  than 
the  ordinary  "  fiacre." 


21 

109.  Bien  tu  —  i.  e.,  he  found  her  statements  correct.  Yons 
avez  quelque  chose = something  troubles  you. 

110.  Ilxsiiie§!e= granted  my  prayer. 

111.  Kaison,  etc. —  that  she  might  not  lose  her  reason 
through  fear.  Croiriez-vous  —  conf.  note  on  seraient,  p.  91. 
Vert  iun=plain  green.  Gris  de  \in— gray  violet.  Console= 
bracket.  Marbre  (first  tiine)=marble  slab.  Comim  ode =c/ies^ 
of  drawers.  Dessus,  ei(i.=marble  top.  Breche  d'Alep  —  black 
marble  streaked  with  white  and  yellow.  Vieille  perse=o?d' 
style  chintz.  A  la  duchesse  —  with  canopy  and  curtains.  Can- 
neUeB=Jluted.    Ecaille=fo?^^o«se  shell. 

113.  Arabesques  —  intricate  and  fantastic  ornamentation, 
(strictly)  excluding,  aCcording  to  the  Koran,  all  representation 
of  animal  life.  Chambranle=c/iimne2/  piece.  Triimeau= 
pier,  brackets.  Crrisaille  —  imitation  of  bas-relief  done  in  black 
and  white.  Armoire,  etc.=wardrobe,  the  doors  of  ivhich  pre- 
sented .  .  .  U  respirai t=^/iere  was  exhaled.  Par  main- 
tien=^o  keep  himself  in  countenance. 

113.  Pantelante,  e\>c.= gasping,  from  the  effects  produced 
by  .  .  .  Tournait,  etc,~he  wandered  about,  to  and  fro. 
Ylam})esL\ix= candle-sticks.  Menottes—little  hands.  Sou- 
^essi=iveighed  with  his  hand.  Be  faeteur  (letter-carrier, 
clerk)  —  suggests  cheapness,  vulgar  destination.  Piece  de  con- 
yitiion  =  criminating  evidence.  Saint  —  See  note  on  fete, 
p.  69.     S'6croula=/eZZ  down. 

114.  Terminus,  etc.=were  bounded,  characterized  in  their 
extreme  reach  by  infinite  qualities,  verged  upon  the  infinite. 
Quasi=aZmos^.  Crenses=empty,  vain.  Chancelait:=:io^^ered. 
Yoie  —  Read  i^otcc  as  in  other  edition.  Chercher  querelle=ifo 
quarrel  (of  the  provoking  party).  Boutes— c?ow6^s  of  the  sound- 
ness of  his  previous  belief. 

115.  Bedressait=zt:'as  righting.    V&rXie^game. 

116.  Piege,  etc. =/  am  not  trying  to  trap  you.  Conven- 
tion =agreemenif. 

117.  Racheter^redeem.  Etourdit=5ew5i7dered.  Graces 
Divine  mercy.    Troxihl^zzagitated. 

118.  Marraine=god-mo;f/ier,  ^orotector  (in  his  new  spiritual 
life).  Bressane  —  patronymic  of  Bresse,  the  former  name  of 
a  French  province. 

119.  Audacieux=:&oZcf.  vigorous.  Plaics— z(?ce?'s,  implying 
metaphorically  guilt  and  suffering.     E<litenr,  etc.—  person  re- 


22 

sponsible  for  all  that  appears  in  a  publication.  Here,  figura- 
tively, of  the  author  of  creation.  II  se  Yoyait,  etc.=#  icas 
thereby  evident  that  he  ivas  making  progress.  .  .  .  ]V6o- 
^\i}te=^new  convert.  Symbole,  etc.=the  everlasting  symbolic 
meaning  associated  with  this  (nourriture)  spiritual  repast. 
Peii^tr^,  etc.=understood  in  its  inner,  deeper,  brighter  mean- 
ing. 

120.  Salissant— mZi/2/mg.  Prodiguaient=Zai;2.s7ied,  heaped 
upon.  Pr^tendu=aZ?egred.  Tramait=i(;as  weaving,  forming. 
Hoiiugte  —  ironically  used.  Dejeuner  —  taken  in  France  at 
noon.  Coquillage=s/ieZZ-yis/i.  Auberge=to2;ern.  Com- 
muns  —  kitchen,  stables,  carriage-houses,  etc.  Payillon  —  usu- 
ally a  summer  house,  here  means  an  ac^iition,  used  as  a  dining- 
room.  Terrible  —  L.'s  example  may  be  regarded  as  terrible, 
because  others  followed  it  and  were  thereby  ruined  —  or  be- 
cause his  ruin  frightened  others  out  of  building  in  any  but  the 
plainest  style,  with  resulting  injury  to  the  architecture  of  the 
town. 

121.  T^.n({vi=hung  (conf.  paper-Ziangrer),  adorned.  Buffets, 
^Xe.= walnut  side-boards.  Poele  en  faience  —  stove  built  of 
tiles.  Cartel  —  a  kind  of  clock.  Taisselle  —  plates  and  dishes. 
Grain,  etc. —  A  particle  of  shot,  left  in  the  bottle  from  a  previ- 
ous cleaning,  being  buoyed  up  by  a  bubble  of  carbonic  acid 
formed  upon  it,  might  rise  to  the  surface,  lose  its  bubble,  sink 
again,  etc.  Mis  au  XsL\i=acq'dainted.  Authentique=awZ/ior- 
itative,  self-sufficient.  Tient,  etc.  =  is  very  dear,  is  a  source  of 
anxiety. 

122.  Captatrice  —  one  who  uses  improper  influence.  Rome  — 
a  clumsy  attempt  at  wit.  Guides,  etc.—  five  francs  expended 
in  gratuities  over  and  above  cost  of  transportation.  Intente- 
riez,  etc.=  FoM  would  bring  against  U.  a  suit  (which  would, 
however,  be)  rather  disadvantageous  to  you,  for  this  reason: 
the  other  side  may  claim  that  there  is  no  relationship  between 
U.  and  the  doctor  (In  such  case  he  might  legally  wnll  his  prop- 
erty to  her,  as  to  any  stranger).  Still,  such  a  suit  would  alarm 
a  defenseless  girl  and  lead  to  some  compromise  (transaction). 
Cassation,  ei(i.=court  of  appeals  or,  more  strictly,  anmdment. 

123.  Parents,  etc.  =  ea:^ended  the  scope  of  illegitimate  rela- 
tionship. Interposition,  etc.—  strictly,  a  legal  act  by  which 
one  makes  a  conveyance  to  a  person  with  the  agreement  that 
the  recipient  is  to  transmit  the  property  to  a  third  person. 


23 

Trans.,  through  a  third  party,  mediately,  indirectly.  Rap- 
proches= compared.  En  tant  que=as.  Interposition,  etc. 
(second  time)= could  no  longer  be  regarded  as  a  means  of  medi- 
ate or  indirect  benefaction  (of  his  parent).  ^&dn<ies= sittings, 
sessions.  * 

124.  Conduire  U.,  etc.^bring  {your  suit  against)  U.  to 
a  higher  court.  Haut-Ie-corps=s^ar'^s.  Th6a;tres=pMppeif 
shows.  Braqu6s=d2>ec^ed.  VQ^exunqvL^^ one  attitude  or  ex- 
pression. Gain  de  cause,  ^\c.=you  would  win.  Badinent= 
trifle.     l£in(in.G)te=investigation. 

125.  Avertis  —  certain  to  learn  beforehand,  through  the 
legal  forms  required.  *  Domicile=residenee  (by  which  he  would 
acquire  legal  rights).  Sa  future  =:7l^s  wife  to  be.  He  would 
(fictitiously  acknowledge  as  her  dowry  brought  him  by  her 
marriage)  receipt  for  a  million,  which  would  be  paid  her  out 
of  his  estate  at  his  death.  ridei-commis=irMs^.  Doigt  de 
cour,  etc. =coMrf  her  a  little.  M\^(iM— attracted.  Belle 
pouss^e=fine  thing  or  advance  (ironical),  great  gain! 

126.  Nue-propri6t6  —  ownership  of  property  whose  income 
goes  to  another.  Ramass^e,  etc.^picfced  up  in  the  street  {on 
the  square).  Tertu,  etc.  (more  commonly  vertu  chose)  —  eu- 
phemism for  vertu  de  Dieu.     Enfoncerait=:?'wm. 

127.  Maintenir  la  parole,  etc.=fceep  the  lead  in  conversation 
u'ith  D.  Test^=:made  a  will.  Opinion  =:admce.  Sainte- 
P61agie=de6tor's  prison.  Ecrou6= entered  in  the  jail  book. 
Cent  et  quelques=:a  hundred  and  odd.  ^qti.\q^= government 
bonds.  D6gager=reZease.  Foncidres^Zanderf.  Cr^ances 
h  ypoth6caires=mor  fgagres. 

128.  M.  Josse  —  See  Moliere,  L'amour  medecin,  Acte  I, 
Scene  I.  Entendez,  etc.=:ctcf  together.  Amant,  etc. —  By 
turning  her  head  with  a  love  affair,  you  prevent  her  marriage 
to  the  doctor  (or  to  any  one).  Etreint=g'?'asped,  seized. 
{^\i\fSY^Q— definitely  (stated)  known.  Lambiner,  etc.=keep  her 
waiting,  delay  her  marriage.  D^font  —  A  promise  to  marry  is 
easily  broken.  Le  ver,  etc.=that  (the  carrying  out  of  his  evi- 
dent scheme)  zcould  spoil  all. 

129.  Frottes,  etc.=  Fow  look  out  for  number  one.  D'oreille 
a  oreille  —  She  speaks  in  his  ear  and  expects  answer  at  .equally 
short  range.  Leurs  in t^rets  — Emphasize  "leurs."  Humant= 
sipping.    Yiolac^e  =purple. 


M 

180.  Valons,  etc.=TFe  are  as  good  (strictly  rich)  as  he  is. 
Though  I  can't  write  prescriptions,  I  can  manage  rny  affairs. 
Cinquante  et  uri,  etc.  (also  trente  et  un,  trente  six,  quarante 
deux)=put  my  bes^  foot  foremost  (especially  in  the  matter  of 
dress).     Honoraires,  eic,=and  yet  they  begrudge  us  our  fees. 

131.  Be  commmide  =  forced,  feigned.  Ursiile  ==  Ursula  = 
little  she-bear.    Forte = forte  i>i-dno=piano-forte. 

132.  A  ce  »oir ={good-bye)  till  this  evening.  Lisez,  etc.= 
read  my  wishes. 

133.  Rapporter,  etc.=find  a  motive  for  in  him,  associate 
with  his  name.  Massif,  etc.=cZwsfer -o/  climbing  plants. 
Donner  le  chAiige= mislead.  TsL^oisLnt=tapping.  Frustre- 
r£ii=balk.    Ce  lie  sera  ]}Sis'i=you  will  not,  ivill  you  9 

134.  Laque=( Japanese)  lacquer  work.  Ruiue  —  which  had 
caused  his  financial  ruin.  'Ssirquois= derisive  (of  the  heirs). 
liAissez,  etc.={They  think)  you  are  going  to  bequeath.  .  .  . 
You  stir  them  up  and  they  bestir  themselves. 

135.  Agit^e,  etc. = too  much  for  that  it  should  not  have  been, 
so  much  that  it  had  been.  .  .  .  Repoussait,  ei(i.=declined 
to  recognize  illegitimate  superfluous  groivths  upon  the  family 
stock.  Epouseraient,  etc.=^/iai  the  uncles  of  a  bastard  should 
adopt  his  affection  for  his  own  offspring.  lLnciine=gap. 
liicSLj)iicit€=legal  disqualification. 

136.  Trds-spirituelle,  etc.^ingenious  and  (cons^quentielle) 
inflexible  reasoners  (i.  e.,  follow  their  reasoning  to  its  conse- 
quences), bonhomie —simplicity.  Avec  Zelie,  ^ic.—with  Z. 
(as  an  opponent)  we  shoidd  (necessarily  go)  carry  our  case. 
Eiiteiidraieut,  etc.  (Read,  as  in  other  ed.,  etendraient)=e£i?i^end 
the  scope  of  the  law,  with  a  view  to  extending  the  protection 
which  it  affords  to  marriage. 

137.  ¥arii\eni=screen,  stand-between,  go-betiveen,  agent. 
Wniihh\6=mac?iinated,  plotted.  Defiance,  eie.=the  lack  of 
confidence  which  the  spiritual  (lit,,  fix'st  choice.  This  idea  is  ex- 
panded below,  covering  genius  and  emotionality)  inspires  in 
the  practical  mind.  Le  mollis— loiv-grade  intelligence.  Le 
li\}is=intelligence  of  the  highest  order.  Leiir,  etc. — *' Voir," 
imitates  faii'e  and  laisser  in  its  constructions. 

138.  liiterets=in/eres^  (money).  Microscopiques=anmaZ- 
cidce  or  the  microscopic.  Egaler  =  equal  in  importance. 
Essayons  —  try  to  stimulate  her  curiosity  about  the  interview, 


25 

by  hinting  that  D.  is  the  bearer  of  a  marriage  offer.  As  young 
women  are  a  law  to  themselves  in  love  affairs,  she  may  at- 
tempt to  discover  the  subject  of  their  conversation.  Intime= 
ijiterior,  ivith  herself.  Persieiines=Z>Z2nds.  Inventa=/oM.nd, 
hit  upon,  bethought  herself,  feigned.    Faites=:do  so,  go  on! 

139.  Me  voir,  etc.  =see  to  me,  .  .  .  know  that  my  prop- 
erty icas  invested  in  real  estate,  etc.     Conf,  2d  note,  p.  35. 

140.  Ber^ere  — a  sort  of  arm-chair.  Fha.rmaiiie= collection 
of  drugs.  Remplacez-inoi^^a/je  my  place  (show  the  notary 
out).  Aimerait-elle= Does  she  perchance  love  him?  Conf. 
note  on  seraient,  p.  91,  and  on  aura  mine,  p.  14.  Crise  (first 
t\n-\e)=nervous  attach.  Maria^e  in  Q:Xivem.\^=death-bed  mar- 
riage —  alluding  to  the  doctor's  age. 

141.  Eiiticli6e=a  fanatic  on  the  subject  of  .  .  .  Heureu- 
sement  —  See  beginning  of  second  paragraph  above.  Sub- 
stitute depitf?/  (king's  counsel).    Rabattrai=:/aZZ  back  on. 

142.  Pouls,  etQ,=felt  her  pulse.  Mon  coeur  — usual  term 
of  endearment.  Saint  Denis  —  See  note  on  Fete,  p.  69,  and 
p.  113. 

143.  Malle  =  mail-coach.  Gentil  =  charmijig.  Peign6  = 
combed.    Yirgule  —  tuft  of  hair  on  lower  lip.    GrOsier= i/iroa^. 

144.  l)6marche=z^aZA;,  gait.  Orille^iro^  gate.  ...  I 
then  had  an  opportunity  to  look  at  him.  Bougival  —  What 
was  B.  doing?  How  did  you  avoid  her  notice?  Plante,  etc.= 
standing  motionless. 

145.  Attraper,  etc. =reac/i  your  sixteenth  year.  B6nie= 
blessed  —  has  little  force.     S'empare  de— masters. 

14G.  Bendraient  ra\son=explain.    Haute  maui= control. 

147.  AntTe$—SLntreB=07ie  thing —  another.  Meni  a=belies. 
Au  grand  }our^undisguisedly.     Cliez  Yous=wiih  ivomen. 

148.  Heritiercs  —  In  heiresses  (or  rather  their  protectors)  he 
w-ould  excite  special  suspicions.  Malheur,  etc.=i^  is  an  ill 
wind  that  blows  nobody  any  good.  JJ.  may,  alluding  to  the 
doctor's  last  words,  mean  that  the  barriers  between  S.  and 
other  women  may  guide  him  to  her.  Pour  cent,  etc. =as  much 
as.  .  .  Coffrer ;=Zocfc  up.  D^considdre,  ^ta, —injures,  de- 
grades .  .  .  now^a-days.  Mis  sur  la  paille=rmned.  Note 
the  vividness  of  the  future  of  completed  action.  Pi  re  correc- 
tion =itor6e  (severer)  chastisement. 

149.  N'eut-elle  —  The  inversion  expresses  condition.  Mor- 
tifications, etc.—  Bejir  your  unhappiness  in  such  a  way  that  it 


26 

may  be  accepted  by  God,  as  if  it  were  a  voluntary  renuncia- 
tion of  happiness  for  His  sake  —  or  accept  it  as  if  inflicted  by 
Him. 

150.  Allait  Aire— was  on  the  point  of  saying.  Rez-de- 
chauss^e =gfrownd  floor.  Comble,  etc.= completed.  Ramass6= 
absorbed  in  thought;  or,  better  (of  accompanying  attitude), 
drawn  together.    Valets  de  th§sitre= stage  valets. 

151.  Boiseries  =  wainscotings.  rendillements  =  cracks. 
Mainteiiu,  etc.=held  together  by  the  paint.  C&rresLU=tile 
floor.  S^arierie=rushwork.  Clair-obscur  —  an  effect  of 
light,  brightening  the  surfaces  which  it  strikes  and  leaving 
the  rest  in  shadow.  Pastel  —  picture  drawn  with  colored 
crayons.     Rejeton=sc2on. 

152.  Accrue =mcreased.  Vill^le  —  minister  of  Charles  X, 
introduced  a  bill  giving  a  billion  francs  to  the  nobles  deprived 
of  their  property  by  the  Revolution.  TlsLtt€e=fondly  hoped, 
^eleyer =re-establish,  bring  back  to  a  becoming  social  status. 
Eiit  §t6  d^Jlon6=would  have  been  thwarted. 

153.  Bourgeois  —  See  p.  158.  Conconrent=unite  in  serv- 
ing. N'en  €tait,  etc.=was  not  in  regard  to  matters  (en)  yet 
otherwise  than  at  seeking  .  .  ,  had  progressed  only  so  far 
as  to  be  seeking  a  graceful  phrase.  Sous  I'Empire  —  at  a  con- 
siderably earlier  period. 

154.  R^clameiit=aim  at,  aj^ec^.  Ajaj^Mirj on = entertainer. 
T my er= associate.  Pouvait— Note  that  "ruiner"  alone  is  influ- 
enced by  the  preceding  condition.  Hence  "pouvait,"  as  usual,  is 
indicative.  Trans. :  had  he  not  been  just  what  he  is,  his  fortune 
might  have  ruined  him.  Y  est,  et(i,=The  witticism  is  a  good 
one.  Commandiie—investment.  Agr^ments,  etc. — strictly, 
music,  dancing  and  other  polite  means  of  receiving  and  giving 
pleasure.  These  frequently  becoming  means  of  annoyance, 
the  word  "desagrements"  is  added.  Trans. :  a  university  educa- 
tion, supplemented  by  instruction  in  polite  —  and  impolite  — 
accomplishments,  tvhich  teaches  you  nothing  worth  knowing. 
.  .  .  Traduction =adaj)fai2on,  rather  than  translation  — 
allusion  to  lines  11  and  12  of  Philemon  et  Baucis:  *'I1  lit  au 
front  de  ceux  qu'un  vain  luxe  environne  —  Que  la  Fortune 
vend  ce  qu'on  croit  qu'elle  donne." 

155.  Mar^chal  des  \o^\^= quartermaster.  Void  bieutot, 
o.{c.=nearly  six  years  ago.  ¥u.s^es=rockets  —  adaptation  of 
Malherbe's  famous  line  15  of  the  *'  Consolation  a  M.  Du  Perrier :  '* 


27 

**Et,  rose,  elle  a  vecu  ce  que  vivent  les  roses,  L'espace  d'un 
matin."  Fiche,  ^Xc— penny-stakes.  Tendre,  etc.=regions  of 
sentiment  —  allusion  to  Mile.  Scudery's  ingenious  map. 

156.  Snr=w  answer  to.  Balistique,  etc,=science  (of  pro- 
jectiles). Escompte,  etc. = discounted  his  note,  advanced  him 
money  on  "easy  terms.''  Reiiouvellements=renewals  or  tirne- 
extensions  (on  his  notes).  Hei^ort  ="  brought  forward.'" 
Trans. :  skilfully  apply  their  virtue  during  a  first  marriage 
upon  the  account  of  a  second.  Raisoiiii^e= calculated,  based 
on  advantage. 

157.  Emile  de  F. —  Read  Emilie  de  F.,.  her  maiden  name. 
Lettre  de  chang'e=6i7Z  of  exchange.    ^§res=sherry. 

158.  Source,  etc. = (fig.)  borrow  from  the  usurers.  Jeu= 
/iand  (as  in  cards),  resources.  €o(ines=knotted  ribbons.  Uan- 
^SLr=shed.    ^re»= sandstone.    Crf.^ie =rough-coated. 

159.  Antichambre,  etc.=does  not  lead  to.  Fendns,  etc.=: 
long  and  wide  —  of  the  opening  between  the  eyelids.  Svelte = 
slendei — a  point  of  special  French  admiration.  Race=5reec?- 
ing.  Commissioiinaire=Zz7i;e  those  of  a  porter.  Brun  —  mas- 
culine of  brunette.  Compte,  etc.=/aiZ  to  understand,  cannot 
explain.    Lancer,  etc.— the  way  you  turn  your  eyes. 

160.  Embrocher=?'zm  on  a  spit  —  allusion  to  the  conven- 
tional two  hearts  pierced  by  one  arrow.  Reporter^carr^/ 
over.  'B&nqne  =  financiering,  trickery.  Honssit  =  scorches, 
deteriorates.  Avec  mesure,  etc.=pay  a  moderate  part  of  your 
debts.  'Porte=propose,  drink,  Fille  d'argeut=n'c/i  girl 
(sought  for  her  wealth). 

161.  Ma  maison,  ete.^our  house  was  your  son's  home,  he 
icas  like  a  member  of  our  family.  Oh6re= overwhelmed  (in 
debt). 

162.  Paralyser,  etc.^render  ineffective  the  efforts.  .  .  . 
Yoeux  =  best  wishes.  Lombards  =  money-lenders.  Quand 
mSrae,  etc. —  which  we  owe  you  as  relatives  (out  of  considera- 
tion for  your  name),  even  if  .  .  .  (to  be  taken  as  a  mere 
polite  formula). 

163.  Frasque=/reafc,  prank.  Appartenir,  ete.=belong  to 
our-  family.  Asr^er=receive  favorably.  Ker^arouet=one 
of  my  birth  and  pride.  Parti,  etc.  =:c/ioose  a  course.  Bail, 
ei(i.=the  lease  is  expired  and  has  been  running  twenty-four 
years.    'Ferma,ge=rent.    Pot-de"Yin=6owws. 


28 

164.  Sensible,  ietc.=/ie  will  deeply  appreciate  your  (sictiou] 
condescension.  Kerg-arouet  (without  article) — is  adjective, 
suggesting  the  quaHties  and  especially  the  pride  of  that  family. 
Petit  M.  =  insignificant.  Apres,  etc. —  (what  comes)  after, 
i\eY.t'i=ivhat  of  that?    Tranchaient=deeided. 

165.  Actueis=presen^.  Trouva=M^  upon.  Casaquiii= 
jacket.  Soyez  paisible  —  used  like  soyez  tranquille=?2ei;ej' 
fear  (that  re-heating  will  injure  your  coffee).  Baiii-niarie= 
pot  of  hot  water. 

166.  X\\\^v(i=haughty.  M^nag^e,  etc.=://ie  small  door  ar- 
ranged in  the  great  door  (or  gate),  to  avoid  the  inconvenience 
of  opening  the  whole  great  door  merely  to  admit  a  person. 
Tomba,  etc. —  phrase  modeled  on  tomber  de  Charybde  en 
Scy  11a = escape  one  ill  only  to  fall  into  a  greater.  Defiance = 
distrust.    Aux  petits  soins=aZZ  attention. 

167.  liSL=key  of  A,  three  sharps.  'Eclsiir§e= explained  mat- 
ters (to).  'Eu\ie=wish  (to  hear  her  play).  Oiitrecuidaiice= 
self-sufficiency.  Bien=indeed,  rather,  really.  Pi\rtie=ga7ne. 
Tirdrent,  etc.=made  their  parting  salutation.  Grrllle,  etc.= 
when  the  grating  rang  (from  the  shutting  of  the  gate). 

168.  Charivari =?nocfc  serenade,  had  music.  Ce  iie  sera, 
etc.  Fut.  of  demonstration,  see  note  p.  14==it  will  not  be 
[found  to  be)  at  N.  Trans. ,  not  at  N.  B8te  a  vent  —  Mme. 
C.'s  understanding  of  Bethoven=:vox  et  preterea  nihil.  Clijr- 
nee=winJced.  Kijanr^Q— affected  lady,  minx.  Carillon  = 
jangle.  Sonacles  —  Mme.  C.'s  senseless  understanding  of  so- 
nate.     Chsit'dv^nier= chestnut  tree. 

169.  Grasse— Wc/i,  M.iUen=7nedium,  environment.  Haie= 
hedge,  barrier.  lit  flos  — in  septis  secretus  nascitur  hortis 
.  .  .  sic  virgo  dum  intacta  manet,  dum  cara  suis  est  .  .  . 
vid.  "Carmen  Nuptiale." 

170.  Escojuptait,  etc,=:=was  obtaining  advances,  subject  to 
heavy  discount,  on  property  which  would  not  be  his  until  his 
mother's  decease  —  was  discounting  his  7nQthe7''s  death.  Du 
bon,  et(i.=has  good  in  him;  and  the  reason  for  believing  it  is 
the  very  fact  that  he  is  in  prison.  Borne  —  stone  planted 
near  corner  of  house  or  post  of  carriage-door,  as  a  protection 
against  wagon  Avheels. 

171.  D-marche  convenue^s^ep  agreed  upon,  Inteuclant= 
agent. 


29 

172.  Piste,  etc.=on  the  track  of  a  madcap' a  naughtiness. 
Quote-part— conhnge?!^,  share.  Failli,  etc.=mi9sed,  was  neat 
going.  Se  la  laissa,  etc.—  Se  is  dative,  as  in  laissa  or  permit 
qu'il  lui  prit  la  main. 

173.  Diificul16s,  ete.=^/ie  objections  ivould  properly  exist. 

174.  En  fait  de,  etc.=m  the  matter  of  marriages.  Enipg- 
clierez  —  Read  empechez,  as  in  other  ed. ;  or,  as  is  allowable, 
carryover  "vous"  from  "songerez"as  subject  for  "empe- 
cherez,"  thereby  investing  the  abbe's  words  with  more  diplo- 
matic courtesy.  Coup6=/orzt'ard  section.  De  rente,  etc.=]fo 
keep  (the  capital  which  would  produce)  a  sou  of  income  (in- 
vested) in  government  securities.  \iA^Q= settled.  Actions, 
etc.=seZZ  his  stocks  (manufacturing,  etc.)  and  government 
bonds.    En  Iiausse=adi7ancing'. 

175.  Valoir,  etc.=kept  profitably  irivesfed.  En  bon  pere  de 
famiile  —  legal  formula  used  to  define  the  duties  of  guardian 
in  the  care  of  ward's  property.  Tout  un  apparteLient=a 
ivhole  suite.    ^eU^ion^^conscientiousness. 

176.  Stationna=stood;  remained.  ^VL\e\\Q\= small  gate, 
wicket.    Quittances=receipfs.    Titres=(ieeds,  documevits. 

177.  Bons  du  T r§sor  =^Treasury  bonds.  Ecrou  — entry  in 
the  jail-book;  with  lever  (to  clear,  ca.nce[)=liberate  {the  pris- 
oner).  Enjeu,  ^X^.^^your  stake  upon  the  gaming  table  (green 
cloth)  of  Z2/e  (fortune).  Epoque  actuelle=the  existing  epoch, 
the  spirit  of  his  time.  Concurrence=compe^2^ion.  Recherche, 
etc.=open  endeavor.    Monde=.socia^  world. 

178.  Pas  trop,  etc.=had  none  too  much  with  his  influence 
for  himself,  had  no  influence  to  spare.  Milieu=medmm, 
plane,  sphere.  Unique  mobile=soZe,  prime  motor.  A  I'instar 
de=m  imitation  of.  De  la  rue,  etc. —  while  being  driven  from 
the  prison  to  the  doctor's  hotel.  D^veloppa,  etc.=unfolded, 
communicated  the  substance  .  .  .  to  the  doctor.  **Auvleux 
medecin"  should  follow  "developpa."  Revanche=re<2a'/2 
game,  chance  to  prove  his  ivorth.  De  inise,  etc.=OM^  of  fashion. 

179.  Plus  de  hoblesse,  etc.=:2i  is  not  blood  that  counts  to- 
day but  power  (especially  that  of  money),  see  p.  190.  Paper- 
asses— papers  (pejorative). 

180.  Philistins  — though  much  used  of  non*university  peo- 
ple, and  especially  of  the  mercantile  class,  is  to  be  taken  as 
mere  Biblical  metaphor,  like  "enfant  prodigue"  (prodigal  son) 
below;  printed  with  a  capital  in  other  ed.     Nattes=6rawis, 


30 

SoUicitiide,  etc. —  A  mother  would  welcome  special  intimacy 
only  from  a  declared  and  valued  suitor. 

181.  Paille,  etc.=plain  braided  straw.  Petit  jonr=daton. 
Cahots=:joZis.  Q\\\Woii\\^— crumpled.  'R^tvon^^^— crowded 
hack. 

182.  Elle  %e.YA\i=ivere  she.  Bien  entendu,  aia.—his  intelli- 
gently understood  welfare.  If  preceded  by  a  comma,  would 
mean  in  his  interest  of  course.     Epris=&ee?i  captivated. 

183.  Politiqiie»=diplomats.  Collcilial)ule=/^os^^7e  convoca- 
tion. UGCon^iuslt = escorted  home.  Bonne=7iursery  maid 
(or  maid  of  all  work). 

184.  D6bloqu6=raised  the  blockade  of,  liberated.  Pat- 
ronne  —  indicates  Mme.  P.'s  importance  in  the  doctor's  eyes. 
Cuits= cooked,  j^ed.  Con tr at,  etc. = a  marriage  contract  in- 
stead of  a  7nortgage.  Reconnaltre,  etc. = will  cause  him  to 
receipt  for,  will  give  as  a  dowry.  Bijou,  eic.=to  his  darling. 
Retenir,  etQ.=engage  a  beef  tenderloin.  Besogne,  etc. — 
There  is  making  itself  some  beautiful  business.  Trans. :  fine 
doings! 

185.  Jour  de  souffrance=side  window  allowed  to  exist  by 
special  permission  (sufferance)  of  a  neighbor ;  hence,  generally, 
a  small  ivindow.  Se  d^Yeloppait=if?as  arranged.  (Eil-de 
boeuf,  etc.=row/id  window  looking  out  on  the  court  (which  in 
this  case  is  behind  the  house).  De  vaoiii^^ wanting.  l)essus= 
thereon.  (^Y^YQS=badges  (of  his  membership  in  orders). 
Prisa=foofc  snuff.  Table  de  nuit  —  table  for  holding  lamp, 
etc.  A  y}%n\i\QV=witli  holy  ivater  bowl  (attached).  Babioles= 
trifles. 

186.  Craehoir= spittoon.  T oyer  =fire-plaee.  Port6,  etc.= 
Entered,  for  this  act,  in  the  list  of  those  first  to  be  promoted  to 
the  rank  of  commodore,  he  received  the  order  of  St.  Louis. 
Vacaiice  —  appointment  to  the  first  vacant  position  of  commo- 
dore. 

187.  Noblesse  —  the  great  future,  utility,  social  mission  of 
the  nobility.  Arhor§=hoisted  (of  flags).  Esprit,  etc.— You 
are  virtually  in  his  presence.  Tache  de  boue=mud  spot,  dis- 
grace. Lettre  de  cachet  —  sealed  letter  from  the  king,  serv- 
ing as  an  arbitrary  warrant. 

188.  Scene=dramaiic  art.  H6cit=:narrative  literature. 
Exposition  —  that  part  of  a  drama,  etc.,  which  sets  forth  the 


31 


OF  THF 

UNIVERSITY 


o.  J 


characters  and  their  mutual  relations ;  it  is  followed  by  the 
action  and  the  denoument. 

189.  Action,  etc.=:r/ie  action  (see  preceding  note)  began  hy 
the  (coming  into)  play  of  a  motive  (lit.,  spring)  so  worn  out 
(iis6).  .  .  .  Agissait,  etc.=if  there  were  not  action  in  re- 
gard to,  if  the  case  were  not  that.  .  .  .  Puis6  dans=drawn 
(of  water)  in,  derived  from,     ^ngagement^contest. 

190.  Solitlaires=united  in  mutually  responsible  partner- 
ship, a  unit.  'Pensionnat=boarding  school  —  cited  as  furnish- 
ing a  minimum  of  good  breeding.  Unt^tement^ obstinacy. 
Breton  —  patronymic  of  Bretagne. 

191.  Chimdre,  etc.=a  visionary  idea  (of  what  nobility  ought 
to  be)  which  can  be  realized  to-day  only  by  the  aid  of  ivealth. 
Scarron,  eic,=Madame  Maintenon,  wife  of  Louis  XIV.  Ho- 
(i)\SLn%=flinging  up. 

193.  Devait  avoir=mt*si  have  had.  Vllain  =peasani  (of 
feudal  times).  Ma  petite  —  lacks  respect,  and  is  followed  by  a 
distinct  intimation  that  U.'s  invitation  is  merely  a  necessary 
politeness  to  the  doctor.    Veut  bien— ts  willing. 

193.  L'ame,  etc. =mos^  highly  spiritualized  portraits.  Sym- 
\io\Q— symbolic  of  the  healing  art  —  refers  to  "rappele,"  etc., 
above.  It  was  in  fact  the  order  of  St.  Maurice  to  which  that 
of  St.  L.  was  united. 

194.  Au  devaiit  de=ifo  meet.  Acqnis^Jcnowledge  of  the 
world.  Poursuites,  eic.=bundles  of  "proceedings''  and  re- 
ceipted bills  which  formed  the  basis  of,  were  vouchers  for,  an 
account.  .  .  .  ^^dQniivL— approved.  AflFaire,  e\Q,.  =  This 
business  concerns  D.  Ral)aisser=wnderi;aZMe,  humiliate.  Son 
importance,  etc,=deprive  the  bourgeoisie  of  its  importance. 

195.  Base,  etc.  — to,  use  them  as  the  basis  of  the  mortgage. 
There  has  been  no  payment  (to  you  or  your  lawyers)  in  cash; 
i.  e. ,  as  no  money  has  passed  through  our  hands  we  must  have 
the  vouchers,  from  which  to  determine  the  face  of  the  mort- 
gage note.  Remit,  etc,=reeovered  from  her  agitation.  M.§- 
chiincei€= maliciousness.    S(i^l^rsLtesse=criminalify. 

196.  Devait  aller,  etc. = were  she  to  frequent  society.  A  ce 
g§n§reux,  etc* — depends  on  "arrache"  (torn,  forced). 

197.  Obliges  par=2mder  obligations  to.  T6moins,  etc.= 
witnesses  required  by  law  for  the  validity  of  instruments  exe- 
cuted in  towns  iii  which  there  is  only  one  notary.  Usually  the 
witness  of  two  notaries  is  required,  of  whom  the  first  draws 


32 

the  mortgage,  preserving  it  as  his  own  statement  of  his  client's 
act.  Y  donnait=gare  (in,)  according  to  this  document.  Rem- 
honrsement=repayment.  The  mortgage  was  a  conveyance 
of  siicli  part  of  her  property  as  was  necessary  to  cover  the  doc- 
tors claim.     Hence  the  "  jusqu'au." 

198.  Rien  devoir=5e  under  any  obligations.  Frais  du  con- 
trat  —  The  government  tax,  lawyer's  fees,  registration,  etc., 
make  6,000  francs  +  5,000  interest=ll,000.  Enregistremeiit= 
registration,  involving  payment  of  tax.  Renvois  —  marks  re- 
ferring to  additions  at  foot  or  side  of  page.  Pr^texta  de  — 
Though  the  use  of  "de"  with  this  verb  is  not  sanctioned  by 
the  Academy,  it  is  quite  common  and  suggests  that  the  fatigue 
alleged  by  the  Dr.  is  actual,  though  not  the  true  cause  of  his 
departure.  Seul,  ^ia,— alone  with  the  vicomte  remained  (ivith 
Mme.  P.).     En^lobant^a&sorbmg. 

199.  Q\\\\Q\vo\^Y(i\\\^-ivhispered.  Cornet=dice  box.  Conte- 
iiance=  (an  occupation  as  a  help  to)  self-possession. 

200.  D'lte  =^recited,  executed.  Acquis,  etc.— fallen  to  the 
share  of  .  .  .  alone.  Trans.,  by  a  special  jorivilege  of  this 
art,  Iiigrat^yielding  little  return  for  effort  emploj'ed,  thank- 
less, expressionless,  l^^rillense ~dangerous{ly  delicate),  frail. 
Par  uu  jeu,  etc.=62/  her  delicate  and  (dreamy,  thoughtful) 
appreciative  (and  hence  expressive)  or  (following  another  line 
of  thought,  dreamy,  imaginative)  poeifzc. 

201.  Son  ame  —  Her  soul  is  viewed  as  an  ornament  to  her 
person.  Pr^cis^ment=exactly,  to  be  sure,  indeed,  as  it  hap- 
pens, "this  word,  of  weak  concessive  value,  limits  what  is  at 
the  moment  rather  understood  than  expressed.  The  music 
teacher's  absence,  its  cause  (the  lessons  given  in  advance),  the 
occasion  of  the  cause  (the  presence  of  U.  and  the  Dr.  in  P.)  and 
the  condition  of  the  cause  (the  teacher's  residence  in  P.),  are 
handled  in  the  first  sentence  of  the  paragraph  as  one  fact,  the 
"precisement"  (which  should  properly  accompany  the  state- 
ment of  his  absence)  being  put  with  the  statement  of  his  resi- 
dence. It  would  have  been  simpler  to  write :  qui  precisement 
ne  se  trouve  pas  chez  nous  aujourd'hui.  C'est  parce  qu'il  a 
profite  de  notre  sejour  a  P.  (o\i  il  demeure)  pour  donner  a  U. 
une  legon  par  jour.     Sans  cela  il  serait  venu  ce  matin. 

202.  Gre,  etc.=I  am  gratified.  .  .  Accepter  ^  diner  — 
more  fully,  accepter  une  invitation  a  diner. 


33 

203.  D^fraya=paid  the  expenses  of,  furnished  the  materials 
for,  formed  the  subject  of.  Se  nivellent— are  equalized.  De 
plain-pied =0^1  an  equal  footing.  Retranchement=s^ro?igf- 
hold.  Passions  =  love.  Conqu^rir  =  obtain  by  conquest. 
Entente=mM^?iaZ  understanding.  D^ja  — suggests  the  exist-^ 
ence'of  love  already.     Espagnolette=:z/?mdozy  screen. 

204.  Contribution  — -  alludes  to  the  taxation  of  windows  in 
France.  Note  that  the  taxation  of  luxuries  is  a  favorite  idea 
with  state  financiers.  Monta=5roMgr7ii  up.  Tout  autre=ani/ 
other. 

205.  Hauteur,  etc.^render  you  equal'to. 

206.  Rapport^es,  etc. =will  be  ascribed  to  you  (as  their  cause) 
in  the  same  way  that  we  ascribe  all  to  God. 

207.  Chanceuses=M?iceriam.      Musique=reg*mento?  band. 

208.  Bientot  d6bile=soon  to  be  enfeebled  by  age. 

209.  Par  ricochet=&2/  reflection.  Surcroit,  etc.=a  further 
development  of  his  love  (as  illustrated  by  the  following  letter). 
Si  Tons  m'aimez  —  should  be  followed  by  a  period  as  in  other 
ed.  Contrecarr^e=^/iiya7'^ed  Timonerie,  etc.—  subaltern 
commanding  after-deck. 

210.  Croisidre=crM2se.    Aspirant=ca)2dida^e.    Ensei^ne= 
naval  officer  of   lowest  grade,  midshipman.      R6int6g"rer= . 
restore.    R^pondre,  etc. =6e/ore  answering  my  great-uncle  I 
shall  talk  with  your  guardian.    R^pondent  ile=assure. 

211.  Uehi\\i»ser=heighte7i,  set  off.  Precipice =a62/s.s,  as  usu- 
ally in  French.  Frisson,  etii.=deep,  dtdl  throbs  of  her  heart, 
ivhich  alarmed  him.  Lieutenant,  etc. —  a  rank  equal  to  that 
of  army  captain. 

212.  Saint  Savinien  — See  note,  p.  69.  Aural  fait  — fut. 
again  of  demonstration ;  see  note,  p.  14.  Trans. :  you  ivill  soon 
have  it  that  I  am  to  blame  for  his  debts. 

213.  A  I'insu  de=unperceived(ly)  by,  ivithout  the  knowl- 
edge of.     Rendu  ^=at.     Jouez=sfafce,  risk. 

214.  Lisait,  etc.— i.  e.,  fcep^  aZoo/.  Preiiant  dans  — In  its 
government  '*  prendre"  overlooks  that  idea  of  removal  or  separa- 
tion which  in  our  corresponding  words  calls  for  the  preposition 
from,  and  emphasizes  the  idea  of  location  in  which  the  thing 
taken  is  found.  Masque=:z^re^c/i,  witch.  Comment  s'y,  etc.=: 
How  did  she  (betake  herself  to  the  matter)  manage  it  (without 
being  discovered)? 

3 


34 

215.  Ne  tint  \m&=could  not  resist.  Sensitive =sewszYwe 
plant,  Irai-je  (lone?  —  U.,  laying  stress  on  the  fact  that  ob- 
jection is  especially  made  to  the  month  of  December,  assumes 
that  ultimately  her  wish  will  be  granted.  Trans. :  I  shall  go 
then  (some  time)? 

216.  S'elevaient-ils  —  see  note,  p.  149.  Aux  prises=at  grasp- 
ings,  in  conflict.    A\Sint-covLreiir=a7itecedent,  annunciatory. 

217.  Femme  du  monde=u*oma/i  o/soc^aZpos^Y^or^.  Nostal- 
gic =:7iome-sicfcness —  **home  is  where  the  heart  is."  Intri- 
^\iSL=puzzled, 

218.  Riche  de  — De  (=to  the  extent  of)  is  usually  followed 
by  a  numerical  expression  of  the  measure  of  wealth  —  thus: 
riche  de  100,000  francs.  Trans. :  happy  in  the  possession  of. 
ConB\stsin(ie=stabi.lity,  credit,  influence.  lSommer=nominate, 
appoint,  elect.  Finirent  par  ^rendre=eventually  adopted. 
Note  the  change  of  syntax  perspective.  The  idea  of  finality, 
adverbially  expressed  in  Eng.,  is  promoted  in  French  to  verbal 
rank. 

219.  Chateaux  =:nobZe  families.  Bambouillet  —  some  fifty 
miles  from  Paris.  Cherbourg  being  on  the  coast,  the  statement 
implies  his  giving  up  the  effort  to  maintain  his  throne.  Bar- 
re&n=lawyers,  bar.  H6tel  de  yille  —  the  seat  of  municipal 
authority.  Croix  de  Juillet  —  decoration  accorded  to  citizens 
who  distinguished  themselves  in  the  revolution  of  1830,  which 
occurred  in  July.  Ad}oint=vice-mayor.  Trois  pour  cent.= 
the  3-per  cent,  government  bond.  Inscriptions  (sur  le  grand 
livre)  —  entries  in  the  government  ledger  showing  principal 
and  interest  due  to  a  stated  individual  in  the  case  of  registered 
bond  or  (au  porteur)  to  the  bearer. 

220.  A  la  faveur,  etc. —  People  were  too  much  occupied  with 
political  troubles  to  notice  individual  affairs.  Abattit,  etc. — 
pulled  it  down  as  well  as  the  boundary  wall,  in  order  to  build 
in  its  place  a  coach-house  and  stable.  Capital,  etc.=^/ie  capi- 
tal required  to  produce  an  income  of  l,000f.  Se  donnaient= 
were  given  away,  sold  for  a  song. 

221.  Grloser= comment,  criticise.  Va  bon  train=is  going 
fast  —  is  in  a  flne  way  (ironical).  Fers,  etc. —  It  is  to  be  hoped 
that  your  master,  on  account  of  his  great  age,  will  not  live 
long  enough  to  enable  you  (i.  e.,  the  horses  that  you  drive)  to 
wear  out  many  horse-shoes  in  his  service.    Accordingly,  your 


35 

engagement  being  short,  you  presumably  asked  ("dois  avoir 
demande  ")  high  wages.  A  ^Aiente=patented— usually  applied 
to  the  wheels.  A  ma  tante  —  a  silly  play  upon  "a  patente." 
Voit  rieu,  etc.  (playing  again  wretchedly  upon  "voyez- 
vous  ")=2/oit  see  nothing  (of  the  fastening  of  the  wheel) ;  it  is 
boxed  in;  it  looks  better  and  you  don't  catch  (projecting  axle 
ends  against  obstacles).  There  is  no  longer  that  ugly  square 
iron  (axle)  end  lohich  used  to  extend  out  beyond  the  axle  proper. 
Within  the  wheel  of  course  the  axle  was  round.  Outside  of 
the  wheel  it  was  squared.  A  peg  (patte)  driven  through  a  hole 
in  this  square  part  held  the  wheel  in  place.  Rime,  etc.=  What 
is  the  sense  (or  meaning)  of  "  ma  tante"?  Lit.,  w^hat  does  the 
phrase  rhyme  with  or,  generally,  have  relation  with?  Tente 
plays  upon  "tante"  above. 

223.  Comprends  — Her  comprehension  is,  of  course,  purely 
imaginary.  A  patte  entre=with  the  peg  within  —  see  notes 
on  preceding  page.  Fiche=peg,  pin.  Elle  va,  etc.=s/ie  (i.  e., 
Ursule)  is  getting  on  pretty  fast  in  leading  the  doctor  into  ex- 
travagance. Elle  a  raison=s/ie  is  right;  i.  e.,  money  was 
made  to  spend. 

223.  Chiens  (for  biens),  etc.=store  is  no  sore.  Farceuse, 
etc.=the  little  scamp.  Tient  par  le  bon  ho\it=has  got  on  the 
right  side  of.  Aux  voitures=m  the  stage-coaches.  Tapis- 
^i^Y— upholsterer,  house- furnisher. 

224.  Lui  valut— lyas  worth  to  him,  gained  him.  Remue- 
m6nage=con/i<sion.  Malle-poste^wmV-coac/i.  Ma  f^te= 
my  real  celebration,  enjoyment. 

225.  Et  lui  donnant  —  better  en  ...  as  in  other  ed. 
Traitement =saZar?/. 

226.  Demission =reszgrna^ton.  Habitii6,  etc. =one  more  reg- 
idar  visitor.  'F\\i\\Y=accepted  suitor.  Basile  —  one  of  Beau- 
marchais'  characters,  type  of  the  wheedling  calumniator  and 
money-loving  parasite.  Argument—  i.  e.  to  Mme.  P.,  in  favor 
of  the  marriage.  Sourde=deaf  (to  entreaty),  inexorable,  sul- 
len, or  more  simply,  underhanded. 

227.  Coiitrecarrer=^/iwar^.  Baisse=/aZ^.  Acharn^e= 
bloodthirsty,  hostile,  bitter,  relentless,  implacable.  Recrudes- 
cence=new  and  more  violent  attach.  Promeiiade;=ow^m^ 
(not  here  afoot).  Brouille-Ies=mafce  a  quarrel  between  them. 
Tracas,  eic.=meddling,  on  the  strength  of  a  ''  ive  will  see." 


36 

228.  Crsine=blusterer.  Ferr^  a  ^lace=shod  for  ice,  ivell 
prepared,  skilful.  Regard ez=ZooA;,  examine,  hesitate.  Can- 
tionner=&e  surety.  Ayez  done,  etc.— What  is  the  use  of  hav- 
ing my  genius  for  evil-doing!  It  accomplishes  nothing.  This 
exclamation  is  addressed  by  G.  to  himself. 

230.  (xrippee^pmc^ef^.  Ce  qn'il  en  est-: what  there  is  in 
regard  to  the  matter,  Jiow  it  stands.  Illusions,  ^XQ„=deceived 
himself  in  regard  to  his  condition.  S'^teignait,  etc.=iyas 
going  out  (fig.,  of  a  light),  sinking. 

231.  Emaneiper,  Q\ii.=give  up  his  guardianship.  His  ward 
woidd  then  he  competent  to  accept  an  account  of  guardianship 
and  to  hold  property  in  her  own  right.  Adopta  le  partie  — 
Read  parti.  ^Q\iA^m.e\\\,QiQ.^7nanaged  energetically.  Jeunes 
personnes=2/ow?igr  women.    Jounes  ^en^^young  men. 

232.  B.^^\^eY=draw  up.  Obole  —  Athenian  or  old  French 
money  of  small  value.  Reddition,  etc.— accounting.  Col- 
port6es=peddled,  retailed.     Langue  —  for  lampe. 

233.  Reliquataire=deb^or  (to  U.  in  the  following  amounts 
intrusted  to  his  safe-keeping).  Arr6rAges= accumulated  in- 
terest. Provenant  de=proceeding  from,  produced  by.  S'alit- 
erait=^aA;e  to  his  bed. 

234.  Sacrenieftts  —  the  necessaries  for  administering  the  last 
sacraments  (eucharist,  viaticum  and  extreme  unction).  Ap- 
parel l=jP07>2j),  ceremony;  sometimes,  apparatus.  Toute  sous- 
traction=f/ie  removal  of  anything.  A  travers=?)e/imd  (lit., 
across  or  over).  Lentement  —  apparently  with  the  intention 
of  giving  their  knees  time  to  ache.  yoler=o5^am  wrong- 
fully  (because  sinning  against  us  at  the  time).  Tranquilles, 
etc.=w?e  have  no  occasion  to  worry.  Pla^ait  —  The  italics  em- 
phasize Z.'s  distinction  between  acknowledged  investment  in 
registered  securities  and  that  secret  investment  in  bonds  pay- 
able to  bearer,  which  she  is  pleased  to  call  hoarding.  But 
B.  should  also  have  italicised  "thesauriser  "  or  have  omitted 
^'mmazf"  and  written  thesaurisait.  A  further  reason  for  the 
italics  lies  in  the  fact  that,  by  using  the  imperfect,  Z.  distinctl}^ 
bars  consideration  of  the  present  or  more  recent  period  of  the 
Dr.'s  life,  speaking  of  him  almost  as  of  one  deceased. 

235.  Pourvu,  etc.=*/  ive  can  only  find  it.  Partag'erons= 
share  alike  in  each  item  of  the  estate.  hiciteYons^o^ealize, 
sell  by  auction.    Distribuerons,  etc,=divide  the  estate  into 


37 

lots.      S'eiiYenima,  etc.  =  quickly   grew   bitter.     D6tacliait, 

eic,=above  which  was  conspicuous  the  shrill  voice  of  Z. 
Ta^age—uproar.  Bengl§s=bellowed.  Administr^=admm- 
istered  the  last  sacraments  to  —  should  be  followed  by  a  comma. 

236.  Cataplasme  =i3owZh'ce  (used  of  the  general  mass). 
Sinaj)is>me=inustard  poultice  (used  of  the  portion  applied). 
'R6clame=requires.    A  pas  de  \oi\\y= stealthily. 

237.  Boule  — celebrated  cabinet  maker  (1642-1732).  The 
word  is  used  of  furniture  inlaid  in  imitation  of  his  work, 
'D€tala=hastened  away.  Note  that  old  locks  were  screwed  on 
to  one  side  of  a  door  and  not  mortised  in  as  at  present. 

238.  Serrure,  eiQ,.=the  lock  of  the  Chinese  pavilion  (here 
called  cabinet)  was  on  the  side  of  (the  door  toward)  the  library 
and  hence  toward  Minoret.  Pieces  de  plaisance,  etc.= 
apartments  for  summer  enjoyment  (and  inferentially  left  for 
the  most  part  open).  Ebloui,  etc.=bewUdered  by  cupidity 
and  with  his  pulse  sounding  in  his  ears.  See  Carillon,  p.  243. 
J)€Y'iBsa=unscrewed.    Egar6s=wiZc2. 

239.  Dressa,  etc. =rose  to  a  sitting  posture.  Y oiiliit:=wished 
to,  tried  to.  Par6  (Conf.  Eng.  ''  dressed '')— adorned^  arranged. 
Fouiller=d2gr. 

240.  Grue ux = begrgrar,  rascaZ.  Adoption,  etc. =i?acZ  I  adopfec^ 
you,  the  adoption,  etc.  Enfln=(^o  consider),  last  of  all,  {the 
only  other  course  practicable).  J^suite  —  alludes  to  the  re- 
puted skill  of  the  Jesuits  in  self-justification.  Tablette  —  shelf 
produced  by  the  projection  of  lower  part  of  book-case  into  the 
room.     Corps=sec^fon  (division  made  by  perpendiculars). 

241.  XYY^mg^^=uninvested  earnings. 

242.  Briquet=s<eeZ,  or,  by  extension,  any  apparatus  for  ob- 
taining fire.  XftvioXt— allured.  Pas  de  course=:rerz/  rapid 
walk. 

243.  R§fl6chir,  ^Xc.~  consider  its  criminality,  being  pre- 
occupied with  the  obstacles  to  its  accomplishment.  (}ue  faites- 
vous,  etc.= what  are  you  doing  there?  Why  are  you  idle?  Do 
you  think  (is  it  your  notion  that)  we  let  the  house  and  valuables 
be  ransacked?  i.  e.,  we  must  have  the  seals  attached.  We  are 
all  three  (heirs)  interested  in  this  business;  we  can't  (camper) 
stay  here  doing  nothing!  Mortuaire,  etc.=register  my  uncle's 
death.    Carillon  =i)eaZ,  chime  of  bells. 

244.  riageolaient=s7ioofc.  Grand!  Minoret  —  Omit  the 
exclamation  point.     ManoeuYre,  etc.  (military  expression)^ 


38 

understands  the  business.  Certain  air,  etc.=For  a  great  fool 
(he  had  a  certain  look)  he  acted  a  good  deal  like  a  (person  of 
sense).  Trop  de  deiix=foo  ma7iy  by  two.  Commissions- 
errands.  Allum^e  =  flushed  (with  haste  and  excitement). 
Fomne=marten. 

245.  Grrenouille  (i)op.)=treasure,  "pile"  Feu,  ete.=u-e 
should  get  nothing,  (lit.)  see  nothing  but  "stars"  (as  after  a 
blow).  Inventaire  —  listing  of  the  property  of  the  deceased. 
Degiier\nr =leave.  Tambour,  eic.=we  will  appoint  the  toivn 
crier.  Mairie  —  strictly,  the  building  in  which  the  municipal 
administration  is  located.  II  ne  s'ag'it  pas,  etc.=itJe  have 
other  business  than  dining.  Cliasser==drwe  out.  En  quality 
Ae=as,  connecting  "lui"  and  "ami." 

246.  Yotre  droit,  et<i.=you  have  a  (legal)  right  to.  Appos- 
erai,  etc. —  I  shall  not  treat  her  room  and  contents  as  part  of 
the  estate.  Ke\n=what  do  you  think  of  (say  to)  that!  De 
mag-istrat  (popular)=:a  queer  sort  of  a  magistrate.  Causeuse= 
small  sofa.    Ti'onhles=didl,  dim. 

247.  Masse=Zzn7ip.  Poitrine  —  The  gesture  leads  M.  to  sus- 
pect that  she  has  valuables  concealed  about  her  person.  S^ 
(ionlsini= gliding.  Chass^e,  eic.= dislodged  from  the  folds  (of 
the  upper  part)  of  her  dress. 

248.  F16trissant=d^s7^o?^ormg.  Lancdrent,  etc. = shot  forth 
one  of  those  flashes,  which  are  perhaps  only  developed  at  the 
expense  of  vitality,  and  ivith  a  choked  voice  she  said.  Honte  — 
suggests  that  the  "supplication"  above  was  partly  theirs. 

249.  Fleur  (de  heani6)=lust7'e.  Rayonner=fo  be  reful- 
gent.    An  petit  Jioiir=very  early  in  the  morning. 

250.  Caeliotier  =  fond  of  mystery,  of  hiding  things.  Se 
croire=believe  (to  be)  to  herself,  think  she  had.  Quilles, 
etc. = welcome  them  as  (he  would  welcome)  dogs  in  a  game  of 
skittles,  give  them  a  gruff  reception.  Merveille,  etc.=cw^  no 
great  figure  as  deputy  king's  counsel  —  a  piece  of  interjected 
gossip.  Pressez,  etc.==don't  be  in  a  hurry  to  laugh,  douH  crow 
till  you  are  out  of  the  woods.  S'en  tenir,  etc.=A;neit'  what  to 
count  on.    Q>o\woi=  funeral.     J)6hoire=mortification. 

251.  Faclions,  etc. — He  must  continue  his  friend  in  appear- 
ance, in  order  to  retain  the  means  of  treacherous  revenge. 
Commettre=:appom^.  Succession,  ei(i.=The  legal  proceed- 
ings in  the  case  of  the  M.  estate  were  begun  and  the  necessary 


39 

verifications  were  accomplished  with  the  strictness  usual  in 
court  proceedings.  Compte,  etc.— was  profited.  yacatioiis= 
sessions,  sittings.  Se  lof^er=find  a  home.  Etablisseinent= 
a  business.  Eiicoi^nure=corner.  Porte  batarde  —  door  which 
is  neither  "petite  porte"  (for  persons)  nor  "porte  cochere" 
(for  carriages);  hence=a  medium-sized  door.  Corridor=ex- 
terior  passage  between  house  and  boundary  wall,  alley. 

252.  Mansarcles  —  attic  chambers.  Termer— time  for  {the 
payment  of)  the  remainder.  Vlacer =make  room  for.  Cloi- 
son=partition.  'Protoudenr=length,  measured  from  front  to 
rear.    Mises  en  couleur=covered  with  a  coat  of  color,  tinted. 

253.  Iiec\ier(ihes,e>tc,=stripped  of  the  refinements.  Soulte=: 
extra  payment.  Mettre  en  demeure,  etc.=brought  suit 
against,  demanded  payment  in  legal  form.  Remboursement, 
et(i,=whose  repayment  had  come  due. 

254.  Etourdi,  etc. =betvildered  by  a  summons.  Saisie  im- 
mohili^re= attachment  on  real  estate,  execution  on  real  prop- 
erty. Poursuivre  SL  ontrsiuce= carry  litigation  to  the  utter- 
most. Con vertir,  etc. =sell  before  you  are  forced.  Du  yivant = 
duHng  the  life-time.    Twa— prostrated. 

255.  Ciir6e=quarry,  prey.  J)§nonment=  final  result,  issue, 
event. 

256.  Ficlie  de  consolation,  etc.=a  pretty  enoughbit  of  con- 
solation (lit. ,  consolation  stake,  in  gaming).  Train,  etc. =mmn- 
tain  his  style  of  living.  Q,r§ance=claim,  debt.  Marbres  — 
tops  of  articles  of  furniture  or  piefces  used  in  floors. 

257.  Pantoufles,  etc.=  felt  in  slippers,  drilled  the  bedsteads 
(of  which  some  parts  might  be  made  of  strips  instead  of  solid  — 
the  drill  would  detect  any  hollow  places),  emptied  the  mat- 
tresses, pricked  the  spreads,  the  quilts,  turned  his  eiderdown 
coverlet  inside  out,  examined  one  by  one  his  papers,  his  draw- 
ers, turned  the  floor  of  the  cellar  upside  down  —  and  I  (in  my 
hope  to  find  a  will  favorable  to  U.)  urged  them  .  .  .  Courez 
si^v^^—find  it  {if  you  can).  'Deymez=understand  {if  you  can). 
Voyez,  etc.=see  clearly  into,  explain  {if  you  can).  Brevet = 
license  (to  conduct  a  carrying  business),  (juelles  somme  — 
Read  sommes.  This  exclamation,  as  well  as  the  "Pauvre  doc- 
teur "  below,  may  be  taken  as  suggesting  the  hopelessness  of 
looking  for  the  doctor's  fortune,  if  it  has  been  swallowed  up  in 
that  of  M.  (in  whose  style  of  living  it  would  make  no  significant 


40 

difference).     Arg-ent  comi^tsLnt=ready  money.    Nantie=pos- 

sessed  of.    Reprises=cZaims  against,  recoveries  from  the  estate. 

258.  Fourr6  =  stuffed.  Huissier-priseur  =  auctioneer-ap- 
praiser. Cri6,  etG,=ivith  each  article  put  up  for  sale.  Cro- 
chues— hook-fingered,  grasping,  greedy.  Soiiner,  et(i.=had  it 
sounded  and  searched.  Par  ]^lii(ies= scattered  about.  Fouil- 
lis=disorder,  mess.    FovLSsms=chickens.    Affaires=^/imgs. 

259.  Fripier-bouquiniste=deaZer  in  old  books  and  furni- 
ture. Adjuger,  etc.=had  several  lots  knocked  down  to  him. 
Interrog6e^  =  examined.  {}ardes  =  fly-leaves.  Adjudica- 
tionii= auction  sales.  R^p6titions=cZams  recovered.  Eb6- 
mste= cabinet  maker.  Secrets,  etc.  =  famous  for  (J-ds  familiar- 
ity ivith)  secret  compartments.  Pousserent,  etc.=bid  up  to. 
Cahier  des  char ses= conditions  of  the  contract.  Liciuidation, 
etc.  =  ^/ie  settlement  of  the  estate.  Relais  —  stopping- place  for 
stages  and  hence  the  business  afforded  thereby  —  also  his  horses, 
stages,  etc.  (used  between  relais).  Trans. :  his  good-unll  and  in- 
terest in  the  stage  business,  as  well  as  his  buildings  (^tablisse- 
meiits). 

260.  Mise  en  demeure.  See  page  253.  Nobliaux  —  belit- 
tling term  for  nobles.  Qiiatorze  quartiers  —  In  heraldry  each 
degree  of  descent  in  a  noble  family  is  indicated  by  a  section, 
quarter,  quartering  in  the  shield.  Trans. :  ivhose  family  has 
been  noble  for  fowteen  generations  —  of  old  nobility.  Pecore = 
animal,  goose.  {^(M\iY9kVici^.~vexation.  Q,{)q\xc\icot=poppy. 
Snr  ce  premier  mouvement  =  by  this  first  outbreak  —  see 
"  mouvement,"  six  lines  above. 

261.  Courses=goings  and  comings  (for  business  purposes), 
steps,  proceedings,  dai'Z^/rozmds.  lnsoliies=unusual.  Hour- 
\iiri=h2ibbub,  bustle.  TvQm\}e^temper,  character.  Morale^ 
ethics;  but  here  rather,  science  of  character,  psychology.  See 
note  on  "  moraliste,"  page  48. 

262.  Orossiere=^ unrefined,  crude,  undeveloped.  Poig-naient 
{pomdre)=^ pricked.  L^gitimement,  etc.=m  proportion  to  the 
amount  of  his  legitimately  acquired  property  (which  left  him 
no  excuse  for  dishonesty).  Perfection  =:oowp/e^eness.  Bless- 
ure,  etc. = an  initial  injury  (to  a  victim)  demands  (as  its  logical 
sequel)  the  death-blow.  Prodigieux  —  by  reason  of  the  rarity 
of  thought.  Sa  tyrannie=i^s  special  form  of  domination. 
Machinaleinent=;;mechanically,   automatically,    instinctively. 


41 

Fauve=(strictly)  yellow  —  mainly  used  in  the  phrase  "bete 
fauve"  (animal  of  the  deer  class).  B.'s  usage  is  a  neologism 
supported  by  V.  Hugo  and  generally  current  to-day.  Trans. : 
wild. 

263.  Chose =sad!,  embarrassed  (slang).  Tout  is  adverbial. 
Coup  de  main— 6oM  deed,  exploit.  Ennui  (second  time)  —  The 
phrase  from  "car"  to  "ennui"  should  be  punctuated  as  a  pa- 
renthesis. Fille  de  lsiit=  foster-daughter.  Aurait  dii  aY0ir= 
ought  to  have  had.  Ne  suis-je  pas  \k=Am  I  not  here  {to  take 
care  of  you)  9  Pens^es —  Add  d'interet,  if  text  does  not  contain 
these  -words. 

264.  'NenYe=unworny  impressible.  Croqnls— sketch.  Ber- 
g-ere,  etc. —  a  kind  of  arm-chair.  Amour  —  her  love  for  S., 
which  was  a  factor  common  to  her  past  and  her  present  life. 
M^lancolie,  eic.=her  melancholy,  gradually  losing  its  bitter- 
ness, colored  to  a  certain  extent  her  daily  life  and  harmon- 
ized (relia)  her  surroundings  with  an  indescribable  charm. 
("  Harmonic  "  is  an  agreeable  according ;  the  idea  of  agreeable- 
ness  or  charm  comes  to  the  foreground  as  the  author  continues.) 
This  charm  consisted  in  an  exquisite  neatness.  .  .  .  Cliez- 
soi,  etc.  =mac?e  her  home  agreeable.  Par  tous  les  temps=m 
all  iveathers. 

265.  Savonnait,  etc.— wjots/ied!,  iVoned.  Cuisine,  etc. ^coofced. 
iy6nvL§e=: destitute.  Enconrir,  etc, =be  talked  about.  Sourde, 
et<i.= disguised  (incompletely  carried  out)  and  in  the  condition 
of  ivish  (not  fully  realized). 

266.  Bemande  en  nullity  —  demand  that  previous  proceed- 
ings be  declared  null  and  void,  as  not  in  conformity  with  the 
forms  required  by  law.  Annulation,  etc. —  the  granting  of 
the  above  demand.  Instancex=:siiz^  (which  would  be  brought 
in  proper  form).  Fit  prononcer,  etc.— obtained  from  the  court 
a  judgment  declaring  null  and  void  the  proceedings  followed  by 
M.    S'6bruitasseut=feeca7>ie  known. 

267.  Entendu  dire  h^heard  the  old  lady  say  —  construction 
imitating  f aire  and  iaisser.  >laitre =masfer  —  instead  of  my- 
self. Saisis=a^toc/ied.  lj\(iVL\^fx\\(i\\= settlement.  Decepas= 
at  once.  Terroirs  —  The  Rouvre  was  M.'s  special  aim.  The 
Bordieres  was  apparently  adjacent  or  interjacent  land.  Cra- 
Q\\ev—spit  out,  pay  in  cash. 

268.  Poiissa  le  coude=nwcZged,  urged  on.  Quitus=&aZance 
after  court  settlement  —  legal  statement  of  the  same. 


42 

269.  Ar?enterie=se^  of  plate.  Faste=dispZa2/,  extrava- 
gance. Tar^e  —  used  of  incurable,  contagious  and  visible  cor- 
ruption. Trans. :  leper  (fig.).  Maitres  de  poste  —  Minoret  and 
his  wife.  B,ogne=haughty.  Esther  — one  of  B.'s  courtesan 
heroines.  You  have  forgotten  E.,  haven't  you,  since  you  are  so 
much  interested  in  U.  9 

270.  Flagrant,  etc.=in  flagrante  delicto,  caught  in  the  act. 
Charge=oj^ce,  business,  place.  Assez  en  vue,  etc.= sufficiently 
conspicuous.    Va  ponr=:7  accept. 

271.  Devez  d'aroir  pu,  etc,=you  oive  your  ability  to  get 
together  a  (without  enclaves  or  interlying  land  owned  by 
others=)  continuous  (tract  of  land  which  brings  in)  S4-,  000  francs 
rent.  Jouer  franc  ^en=deal  openly.  €roes=hooks,  fangs, 
poicer.  Mijoterai=co?icocf,  arrange.  Avise«toi  de  ce\'A=try 
it  if  you  dare.  Yaudralt,  eic.=which,  under  your  manage- 
ment, would  soon  produce  60,000  francs  a  year  [the  income  of) 
more  than  two  millions  at  the  present  (value  of  property)  ratio 
of  capital  to  profits.    Substitut=:X>esire. 

272.  Son  mariage  —  the  scheme  of  marrying  him  to  U. 
Bonrde,  ^iG.=invented  this  fib.  Mchons  M.=J'd  better  drop 
M.  Allalt,  etc.= was  on  his  way  to  (play)  his  whist  opposite. 
Chef-lieu,  etc. —  corresponds  to  our  county  seat.  Reconnai- 
trait,  etc. —  amounts  to  giving  her  that  sum. 

273.  A  la  Massin=d  la  maniere  de  M.  Apres  tout  — sug- 
gests reconsideration  and  invites  G.  to  continue.  Fiel=g'aZZ. 
J)§^— defiance. 

274.  'Et'At=profession.  Devais  attendre,  eic.=it  was  rea- 
sonable for  me  to  expect  from  life,  in  view  of  my  humble 
birth.     Troq\\er=exchange. 

275.  En  avantager,  etc.=settle  it  upon  their  niece,  ivhen  her 
marriage  contract  is  drawn.  Convenable=sm^abZe.  (Elllets= 
pinks. 

276.  Facile  sl= susceptible  to.  Jean  Paul  (Richter)— the 
German  author.  The  parallel  is  between  the  non-existence  of 
God  and  the  absence  of  the  happiness  of  love. 

278.  BouteilledeLeyde=Le2/den/ar.  'P^n^tr^=f  nil  of  feel- 
ing.   Sonder,  eic,= questioning  the  methods. 

279.  D^but^,  etc.=Though  he  did  begin.  Principe=mo- 
tive,  cause.  Pali  —  used  of  the  permanent  pallor  of  sickness. 
Orpheline  —  figurative;  refers  to  her  loss  of  S. 


43 

280.  Asseoir=&ase.  l}ot=dowry ;  by  analogy,  the  property 
which  a  nun  brings  to  the  convent,  in  which  she  makes  her 
vows.  Deux  amours  —  Her  love  for  S.  being  eternal,  she  ought 
not  to  think  of  marriage  with  another.  Enchant^e,  etc.=J 
am  glad  (to  have  to  shut  these  windows,  at  which  S.  used  to 
sit;  see  p.  264)  it  is  all  over.    Au  fait,  etc.— acquainted  him. 

281.  AUee  —  See  "  Corridor,"  p.  251.  ^a  chauffe=^Y  works, 
the  business  is  progressing. 

282.  Joseph  Bridau  —  an  artist  character  appearing  in  other 
works  of  B,  CreYer=die  (used  of  beasts  and  hence  contempt- 
uous). Petit  —  pop.  style,  implies  familiarity.  Donne  —  The 
italics  may  be  regarded  as  emphasizing  this  exception  to  his 
usual  parsimony.     I!,mh^ie=vexes.     ^cieriii=torment. 

283.  Vous  serez,  etc,=you  will  belong  each  to  other. 

284.  (}rH£oniiii=wrote  hastily,  carelessly.  Si  j'^lais  libre= 
even  if  I  were  not  engaged. 

285.  A  ce  soil*  —  The  full  thought  is:  good-bye  till  this  even- 
ing, when  I  expect  to  meet  you  again.  Elle  ne  doit  pas= 
she  must  not.  BonlejersGrnents- -overwhelming  changes  (in 
circumstances  and  in  her  mental  status).  Termine,  et(i.=de- 
cides  our  dispute  (as  to  which  loved  more  completely).  Sorti- 
l^^e=witchcraft,  sorcery. 

286.  Ineonnu,  etc.=^7ie  unknown  which  to  the  imagination 
is  equivalent  to  the  unbounded.  Sursauts=stor^s,  frights. 
Fietrir,  etc,=defile  and  destroy.  Journ§e  dn  lendemain=: 
following  day.     Saisie =s/iocfcerf,  alarmed.    Enrouee=/ioarse. 

287.  Carrel^— paueri.  N'atteindront  pas  que  —  "  Pas  "  re- 
verses the  meaning  of  ne  .  .  .  que.  Trans. :  will  reach  not" 
you  aXonQ=will  involve  others.  Dispute,  Qi(i,=quarrel  about 
her;  lit.,  people  dispute  her  with  each  other. 

288.  Particuliers=(private)  individuals.  Tarqnet=the pub- 
lic prosecutor  and  his  officers. 

289.  Bonrhier=mire,  filth.  Implorant,  et<i.=begging  the 
blow,  which    .     .     . 

290.  'Ka(i\iuiSL\i=planned  and  executed.  Se  relacha  de=re- 
laxed.  En  train,  etc. =tw  i/ie'ac^  of  climbing  down  {the  rope 
ladder).  Lances,  eXe.^started  on  the  slope  down  from  the 
bridge.     (yf^n^=pecuniarily  embarrassed. 

291.  Aflicher=dragf  intopublicity.  jyecoiisld^r or =discredit. 
Rechute=reZapse.     Refiisa  —  She  had  ordered  all  strange  let- 


ters  withheld.  D^joiiez=/oiZ,  thwart.  D6voii6  —  italicized  in 
emphasis  of  G.'s  error  in  using  with  a  young  girl  this  formula, 
which  marks  equality  and  familiarity. 

293.  Commissaire  =  superintendent.     Indig-n^,    etc.  =  out- 
raged, incensed  by  the  suspicions  ivhich  were  hangijig  (hovering) 
j^      over  him,  (preparatory  to  settling  on  him).     Contrail! te  par 
Q       corps=(or(ier  o/)  arrest.     C^toyait,  etc^grazed  the  laivwith- 
—-       out  coming  within  the  scope  of  any  statute  (or  ordinance). 

293.  Enldvement  =  abduction.       Permettaient  —  stronger 
than  permettraient.    Assoupir=7iws/i  up.  Partie=grame,  proj- 
ect.     TAigA^eiiii=urged  (in  his  letters).     Au  cas  oii=in  the 
case  in  which=if.     Incommutal)le=who  cannot  be   legally 
j^       dispossessed,  absolute. 

p  294.  B^tise,  etc. = stupidity  {as  well  as  shrewdness) /las  its 

—  "^  (special  type  of)  inscrutability.  Pierre  de  taille=CM^  stone. 
Ecu  —  usually  three  francs.  Reserves =2m/armed  land.  Pis- 
ton, eie.  =  the  one  who  talks  so  much  about  the  cornet  a  piston 
(see  p.  288).  Huissier,  etc.=in  general,  for  a  subordinate 
position.  Timhres— stamps  (required  to  legalize  the  papers). 
Aceeplations=accepfe<i  bills  of  exchange.  Traiter,  etc.=5ie- 
gotiate  (for  the  position  of  ' '  huissier  ")  cash  iri  hand. 

295.  Machiavel  —  The  name  of  the  unscrupulous  statesman 
is  used  here  in  the  sense  of  treacherous  intriguer.  Seig'neu- 
riale,  e\(i.=an  attack  of  manorial  fever,  castles  on  the  brain. 
Au  re\oir=this  is  not  our  last  meeting.  Niais  parvenn= 
silly  upstart.  Tu  ne  m'  attends  pas=aren'^  you  going  to 
wait  for  me  9    This  phrase  invites  a  walk  home  together  and 

•  assumes  continued  cordial  relations.  Alt^ve  de— thirsting  for. 
Zigzags —inconsistencies.  J!iMe=:^languid.  Meurtrissure= 
bruise,  crushing  blow. 

296.  Appeler  (ie=appeal  from,  Hermine  —  allusion  to  the 
saying  that  the  ermine  dies  if  its  fur  be  spotted  De  sa  dig- 
int^= essential  to  her  dignity,  worthy  of  herself.  Son  opi- 
nion, etc. = Tier  suffrage  (given  in  so  worthy  a  cause)  would  lend 
sanctity  to  or  demonstrate  the  prestige  of  nobility.  l)e- 
marche=acf:  of  condescension,  championship,  countenance. 

297.  Avilie,  etc.::^a  dishonored  hand,  a  blighted  name. 
Porl^e,  etc. =reac/i,  significance,  importance. 

298.  Pouls,  etc.=/aA:e  (the  hand  in  order  to  feel)  the  pulse 
of  his  patient,    l^\^\\Yi=blossomedy  developed.    Cliemin,etc,== 


45 

on  his  icay  (from  his  interview  with  M.).     1^q\\qx= attach  im- 
portance (lit.,  hold,  cling). 

299.  Eiitrevoir,  ^Xe.=have  just  caught  a  glimpse  of.  Em- 
poisoniiernit  —  because  so  corrupted  by  hatred  of  M.  Bossn 
manqu6  —  Being  morally  a  monster,  physical  deformity  is  nec- 
essary to  his  completeness.  He  fails  to  realize  completely  even 
this  low  ideal,  the  humpback  being  regarded  as  the  embodi- 
ment of  malice.  Oublierez  —  you  will  not  act  upon  your  recol- 
lection. This  is  not  the  forgetfulness  corollary  to  forgiveness. 
Deux  (loigts,  etQ..=within  tivo  finger-breadths  of  each  other. 

300.  Rien  cle  fait=: nothing  (of  done)  accomplished;  thedeaVs 
off;  i.  e.,  my  promise  to  reveal  the  name  of  m}'-  principal  is 
void  and  we  have  reached  no  agreement.  Resterez,  etc.=w?z7Z 
7J0U  stop  there  (in  the  matter),  proceed  no  further  in  your 
anger?  Poussait=sef  you  on^  was  your  principal.  Plateaux= 
scales  (of  the  balance).  Tu  seras  uotaire  —  The  idea  occurs  to 
him  that  S.'s  friends  will  after  all  be  of  much  use  in  advancing 
him. 

301.  Jeii^set.  Nom  de  nom  (or  nom  d'un  nom)  —  euphem- 
ism for  nom  de  Dieu.  Mortier==morfar  (piece  of  artillery). 
Indiscretion  — (usually  an  indiscreet  revelation)  perhaps  re- 
fers to  the  "  soufflet "  above,  which  binds  them  together,  as  it 
brings  no  credit  to  either. 

303.  E^ar^,  eic.=turned  my  head. 

303.  Youlait,  e\e.=designed  no  harm  to  you.  Rang6,  etc.= 
had  become  quite  steady,  amended.  Chance,  e.tc.=there  was  a 
possibility.  Fa»»nii=was  going.  Wii\is=in  favor.  Noiiait, 
etc.=the  plot,  so  stupidly  initiated  by  himself,  was  thickening. 

304.  Cri>^\iscii\e=^tu-ilight.  Craqiiant,  ^te,— creaking  on  the 
inlaid  floor.  An  su  de=fo  the  knowledge  of.  L'an  quarante= 
the  year  "'Jf.O  (variously  explained  as  of  the  Republic,  which 
never  came,  or  of  the  eleventh  century,  in  which  the  world 
was  expected  to  end.  or  better  as  1840,  of  which  the  same  pre- 
diction was  made.  This  phrase  has  also  been  regarded  as  a  cor- 
ruption of  "!' Alcoran)."  Singulier  dr61e=odrZ  knave.  Man- 
(l\ier= slight.  "Te"  is  dative;  but,  as  understood  with  "ac- 
cuser," is  accusative. 

305.  Cliiire=ragr,  suggesting  lack  of  back-bone.  Claii*e=: 
clear,  smooth,  without  such  roughness  as  might  disguise  trem- 
bling. S'en  aniourachait= 2<;as  falling  in  love  with  her. 
drosse  flgure=6ig',  heavy  face.    Tirer,  etc.=:I  wish  to  take 


46 

from  you  vengeance  (viewed,  as  satisfaction  —  hence  ' '  de  ")  in 
a  striking  manner,  I  mean  to  make  an  example  of  you.  Rai- 
^OYi=satisf action. 

306.  Sans  defense  (virtually  declarative)  =i/iaf  the  poor  girl, 
whom  you  sought  to  dishonor,  is  imthout  defense.  The  fut. 
"  aurez"  is  occasioned  by  attraction.  Croyez-inoi  =/oWoiy  my 
advice,  ^hrmt^z— make  known.  Ancieii  marin=/orwernat;aZ 
officer.  Tin  chien  de  ma  chieime  —  The  two  well-known  forms 
(1)  Je  vous  garde  un  chien  de  ma  chienne  (==1  will  avenge  my- 
self), and  (2)  Je  vous  jetterai  un  chien  entre  les  jambes  (=1  will 
make  you  trouble),  are  here  compounded.     )l^h^i^= stupid. 

''^QYU\= canary  bird;  in  slang=a  simpleton.  D6talel•=sA;^p. 
Cliarboiinier,  e\c.=Every  man  (even  the  humble  charcoal- 
maker)  is  master  in  his  own  house.  Bil>us= trifles,  nonsense. 
Touriiez-moi,  et<i.=show  me  your  heels. 

307.  Bacchanal  sterlui^=18-carat  racket,  great  jangle. 
Aurait-il,  etc.  There  is  room  here  for  an  actual  condition :  if 
your  explanation  of  G.'s  ill-will  to  you  were  true.  La  chatte  — 
C'est  le  chat  is  a  formula  for  expressing  dou.ht=the  cat  did  it 
(ironically  spoken).  Trans. :  over  the  left  shoulder  or  that  will 
do  to  tell  to  the  cat.  Laches,  etc.— you  are  talking  nonsense- 
slang  for  slang,  nearly = slopping  over.  Faire  prendre,  etc.= 
make  your  nonsense  go  down,  my  boy.  Robinet=/aMce^.  We 
have  here  a  paraphrase,  in  terms  of  modern  conveniences,  of 
our  phrase  "  to  pump  a  person."  Trans. :  I  will  set  G.,  that 
fountain  of  injurious  talk  (poison),  whom  you  seek  to  avoid,  a- 
running. 

308.  Marchand,  ete,=you  will  be  the  ivorsefor  it.  Remues, 
etc.=you  sit  there  like ablock.  'EniortiUsL^e»=entanglements. 
Commandite— advance  money  to.     BAl\mt'i^= stammered. 

309.  Ren^ainez,  etQ,.=put  up  your  agreement;  ifs  only  two 
sheets  of  stamped  paper  wasted.  Here  is  the  money  to  pay  for 
them.  D6mentir= contradict,  retract.  Nouvelle  position  — 
of  notary.  Se  battre  —  G.  assumes  that  S.  will  challenge 
him,  S.  being  sure  to  consider  himself  insulted  by  the  falsehood 
contained  in  one  or  the  other  of  G.'s  statements.  Pr6venait= 
warned.  Tirer  la  savate=wse  the  feet  in  self-defense  —  a  sub- 
stitute for  boxing,  in  which  the  master-stroke  is  the  kick  or 
stamp  upon  the  adversary's  knee.  If  this  blow  catches  the 
knee  unflexed,  it  breaks  the  joint  in  backward. 

310.  Grands  petits,  etc.=petty  matters  of  local  importance, 


47 

village  catastrophes.  Mise  dans,  etc.=if  science  had  been  con- 
sulted —  if  scientific  attention  had  been  directed  to  such  mot' 
ters.  Faits  moranx=intellectual  phenomena.  Apparut  — 
See  p.  116,  1.  21;  p.  139,  1.  16;  p.  241,  1.  10. 

311.  Confidence  —  the  doctor's  secret  instructions  to  U., 
p.  237.  Da  pas  des  morU=slowly,  like  a  ghost.  Poste=stoge- 
office. 

312.  Mise  sL  la  porte,  ete,=brought  you  to  death's  door. 
Canchemar = oppressive  vision.  S'offeuserent,  etc^were  re- 
pelled by  the  idea  of  revealing    ... 

314.  De  retour  si=on  his  return  to.  V6rit6,  etc.=the  in- 
tense reality  of  the  phenomena,  the  unhamperedness  of  her 
motions,  the  outgoing,  during  sleep,  of  an  inner  self,  which 
moved,  under  the  guidance    .    .     . 

315.  Id^es  de  votre  parrain,  etc,= suggestions  of  your  god- 
father may  surround  you  and  perchance  you  have  clothed  them 
with  his  semblance.  Minoret  a  commis  —  M.=:the  stage- 
driver.  Id6es=mental  creations  or  existences.  Sornettes, 
etc.=invent  nonsense. 

316.  De  coramandement,  eic.=officers  of  rank.  Marecliaux 
decamp  —  officer  ranking  somewhere  between  our  brigadier 
and  major-general.  A  savoir  =  namely.  Approches  —  the 
(earth)  works  of  the  besieging  party.  Mousquetade  —  wound 
produced  by  a  musket  ball.  Mar^chal  de  Vrance=field-mar- 
shal,  army  commander.  Tranch^e  =  trenches.  Encore  un 
GQ\ii^=again. 

317.  Au  dnc  de  M. —  Oui,  like  entendre,  takes  its  object 
(subject  of  following  infinitive)  with  a.  Trans. :  I  have  heard 
the  duke  relate.  Profltables,  et<i,= advantageous  to  yourself. 
She  might  accordingly  be  suspected  of  inventing  them.  S'ac- 
crochait  si=laid  hold  of. 

318.  Fussent  seuls  —  This  past  form  is  forced  to  functionate 
as  future  from  a  past  stand- point,  the  subjunctive  having  no 
special  form  in  French  for  expressing  such  time.  The  question 
of  futurity  from  a  present  stand-point  is  of  course  left  un- 
touched. Trans. :  should  be.  A  dessus  de  mar\)ro.=with  a 
marble-top.    ¥rHil\ant=ivriggling.     Cnir  clie\elu= scalp. 

319.  Voyait  aussi,  eic.^who  himself  also  (to  use  the  popular 
phrase)  was  visited  in  sleep  by  the  doctor's  spirit.  Fantasma- 
gorie=art  of  causing  phantoms  to  appear,  magic  revelation. 


48 

320.  Ces  mis^res— such  trifles.  Tenir,  etc.=cause  to  lie  in 
your  eye,  hold  in  your  visual  grasp.  Primitif,  etc. —  you 
have  not  lost  through  mental  activity  any  of  your  emotional 
impressibility. 

321.  Sanguiii,  etc.^one  of  those  paroxysms  of  anger  ivMch 
characterize  men  of  sanguine  (full-blooded)  temperament, 
Poiiss6  a  bout = driven  to  extremes,  maddened.  Meurtrie=: 
black  and  blue.  Concher^put  to  bed.  Petite  nialadie,  etc.=: 
he  was  someivhat  ill  for  a  while.  Temps  donii^,  etc.=a/fer  a 
while. 

322.  Une  manidre,  etc,=an  opportunity  to  show  your  re- 
spect for  him  in  ordinary  ivays, 

d2d.  Terre^^estate,  home.  Calomnie  —  consciously  false  ac- 
cusation. M^disance  —  accusation  at  least  plausible,  and 
which  may  be  true.  Trans,  the  two  words  by  slander  and 
scandal.  Foiideriez-Yous,  etv.=^what  reason  would  you  give  9 
En  avoir  re^u=(/o  be  thought)  to  have  received  any.  A  quel 
titre=in  what  quality?  (as  a  friend?  as  a  debtor?)  for  what 
reason ? 

324.  Maitre  de  poste  —  Minoret's  successor.  Courut=/ias- 
tened.  En  soir4e=a^  a  party.  'Raji^delighted  (to  learn  that 
D.  was  at  the  house  of  an  official,  who  would  be  a  valuable 
witness).  Archi-grand-oncle — "Archi"  is  intensive  (great 
over  and  over  again,  i.  e.,  great-great-great)  and  emphasizes  the 
idea  that  the  doctor  and  what  concerns  him  (especially  Ursule) 
belong  to  a  different  age  from  D.  Trans. :  my  prehistoric  great- 
uncle. 

325.  Petite-fllle  —  Omit  the  hyphen  as  in  other  ed.  Devo- 
tion, QiQ.^aggressively,  intolerably  pious.  Fadasse,  etc.= 
rather  insipid.  Piquante=lively,  ch^vming,  fascinating.  D'oii 
venez-vous2=  TF/m^  world  do  you  live  in  (to  be  so  ignorant  of 
what  every  one  knows)?  Seigneur  suzerain=Z2ege  lord.  Fon- 
e\Gres=  fundamental;  strictly,  landed,  punning  on  his  rich 
father's  holdings  in  land.  Tou8  rentendez=/  call  you  to  wit- 
ness.    EmbrasH  re = recess  of  the  windoiv. 

326.  Ooupilleries=act5  of  the  sort  committed  by  G.  Sor- 
tani—taking  out.  Qons»ei= watch-pocket.  II  est  entre= 
the  perjury  lies  between  .  .  .  Faits  liasardes=cm'eZess  sta^e- 
ments.    ^\)i\\n= amazed. 

327.  Vromenalt,  eic.=striding  rapidly  to  and  fro,    Bulor, 


49 


etc. = the  aim,  final  cause,  motive  of  that  blockhead's  proposi- 
tion (lit. ,  step,  coming  to  your  house). 

828.  Pour  mon  au(lience=^o  hold  court.  La  to^»e=the  grave. 
Inscription  tumulaire=  epitaph.  The  stone  above  is  a  hori- 
zontal slab,  hardly  a  head-stone.  Grace  (first  time)=spare  me 
(this  vision)  or  pardon  (my  disobedience  to  your  previous  com- 
mand).    Grace  (second  time)=mercy  to  M. 

o29.  Avis,  etc.=/ieeded  not  the  warnings.  Quelque  temps, 
eiic—if  he  does  not  quickly  restore  all.  Rang^e,  etc,=row  of 
figures.  liointain= distance.  Bruit  strange  —  explained  on 
page  358.  Du  tout  an  to\it=entirely.  Dans  les  roches= 
among  the  rocks  —  referring  to  a  rocky  or  very  stony  part  of 
his  land. 

330.  Prit  par=e72fered.  (Ju'a-t-il  —  Supply  dit  as  in  other 
ed.  '  Trans. :  What  has  good-man  M.  said  {this  time).  S'il  a 
racont6,  etc. —  As  frequently,  the  form  known  as  condition 
and  conclusion  merely  places  before  the  mind  two  facts  or 
ideas,  whose  relation  is  left  to  be  inferred.  This  relation  is 
here  mediate  or  established  through  a  third  term.  Thus,  (1)  the 
correctness  of  the  ghost's  previous  revelations ;  (2)  the  there- 
fore probable  reliability  of  the  ghost's  other  utterances ;  (8)  the 
inferential  reliability  of  this  special  utterance.  This  reasoning 
may  of  course  be  much  expanded ;  but  it  is  enough  to  state 
that,  (2)  being  lost  sight  of,  (1)  and  (8)  are  formulated  as  condi- 
tion and  conclusion.  Trans. :  If  (it  is  true  that)  he  has  related 
(with  correctness)  what  you  alone  knew,  you  may  well  tremble 
(at  his  predictions) /or  (what  none  of  us  know=)  the  future. 

331.  Entortillez  =  entangle,  lose.  Dedales  =  labyrinths, 
^-piritnels^intelligent.  'Pers^icaces= sharp-sighted.  Aprds 
nioi  —  suggests  pursuit,  hostility.  Tous  (italicized)  —  sug- 
gests M.'s  exaggerated  idea  that  the  eyes  of  the  world  are  upon 
him. 

382.  Toucher = en  toucher  le  revenu=coZ?ec^  their  interest. 
Romans,  eic.=he  —  even  the  stupid  M. —  was  continually  im- 
agining business  schemes.  .  .  .  Men6  sa  barque  =jpad!dZed 
(or,  rather,  steered)  his  canoe.    Pas  dilficile=s^rai^,  difficulty. 

833.  Mon  s§^oni'=my presence.  Rendez-vous,  etc. =arran0red 
a  meeting.  Concours  =  co-operation,  support.  Hussards  = 
light-horse.  Voulant  al)Solument=&ezwgr  determined.  Inju- 
4 


50 

res=injuries  or  insults.    Parti,  eic,=his  resolution,  formed 
and  studied. 

334.  Je  devrais=I  should  he  obliged.  En  Tenir,  eic.=he 
stated  that  he  proceeded  vnth  regret  to  such  extremes  (in  re- 
gard to  the  matter).  Sag-e  ^  moi,  etc,=the  wisest  course  for 
me  would  be  to  arrange  a  meeting.  Avaient — attracted  in 
tense  to  the  past  element  in  the  time  of  *'  serait,"  which  itself 
is  under  the  influence  of  ses  t6moins  disaient  implied.  So 
**  pouvions,"  etc.,  below.  De  leur  c6t6  =/rom  their  own  side, 
independently.  Ebruiter,  eiG.=In  order  to  conceal  a  matter  so 
disgraceful  ...  J  have  deferred  writing,  till  the  last  mo- 
ment. 

335.  Se  gourmanda=cMd  herself.  'D§gsig§=confldent,  un- 
embarrassed. 

336.  Partis,  eiG.=  few  suitors  can  compare  with  him.  Por- 
terez,  etc.=if  you  marry  D.  you  will  bear  the  name  of  Minoret 
like  your  god-father.  Trds-bien  tu,  etc. =mitc7i  esteemed  at 
F.;  he  will  soon  be  .  .  Enjoleuse,  etc.=2/0M  have  coaxing 
ways;  your  popularity  will  bring  him  {as  a  deputy)  to  Paris. 

337.  Appoiiitements=saZar2/.  Ta  ta  tsL=tut  tut!  Casse- 
codnr =heart-breaker,  lady-killer.  Joli  cadet  (as  slang)=a 
great  booby.  Irez  loin,  etc.  (ironical) =2/ow  will  quickly  come 
to  ruin.  Inconnues  encore  —  implies  likely  to  become  known. 
Mis  an  ^oviv=made  known. 

338.  Sans  retour,  etc.=without  the  possibility  of  withdrawal. 
Ame  —  a  heart  entirely  another's.  Je  n'aimerais,  etc.  Conf. 
note  on  S'  il  a  racconte,  page  330.  Here  is  an  unusually  clear 
case  of  mere  co-statement  of  ideas,  the  mind  being  left  to  sup- 
ply their  relation.  With  "si  M.  Savinien"  etc.  below,  all 
dependence  or  even  association  between  the  two  facts  men- 
tioned is  inferential  —  thus :  if  you  remember  his  follies  against 
S.,  you  will  properly  remember  the  similar  ones  of  D.  against 
him.  Trans. :  Even  if  I  did  not  love  S.,  I  could  not  marry  D., 
who  is  no  less  a  spendthrift  and  quite  uncongenial.  A  charge = 
burdensome,  a  burden. 

339.  Vv^XGJiA\iG=self-styled,  would-be;  nine  lines  above,  she 
uses  the  word  "cousine"  in  addressing  U.  Mince,  etc. = if /le 
thin  and  wrinkled  face  of  the  former  keeper  of  the  stage-office. 
Bevenants,  etc. —  Croire  8i=believe  in  the  existence  of.  Trans. : 
Z.  Do  you  believe  that  spirits  return  9   Ch.  Do  you  believe  that 


51 

spirits  HAVE  returned  9  Additional  pith  lies  in  this  retort, 
from  the  fact  that  revenus  may  also  mean  revenues,  rendering 
possible  the  meanings :  Z.  Do  you  believe  in  ghosts  9  Ch.  Do 
you  believe  in  gold?  ^\\\iii\\%(iY=mystify.  S'entendent=are 
in  collusion  and  (inferentially)  have  invented  all  this. 

840.  R6v6rences  sdches=shjf  bows  (or  curtsies).  Ascend- 
ani=injluence.  Coq^= the  cock  of  the  walk.  La  morale =</ie 
moral  procedure,  ethics. 

341.  Restitution,  etc.=What  she  was  aiming  at  was  a  sort 
of  restitution.  You  think  then  {that  her  husband  has  robbed 
U.)?  Y ojez= Look  at  (that  tell-tale  face)  \  Venait  a  eux=z<;as 
nearing  them  —  better,  vers  eux ;  or,  still  better,  de  leur  cote. 
Cour  d'  assises=crmmaZ  court.  Remords  —  The  author  in 
this  paragraph  employs  the  word  with  the  meanings :  cases  of 
remorse,  persons  suffering  remorse,  remorse  (abstract)  and  Re- 
morse (personified).  Tendue  —  Supply  autrefois.  Crevait, 
etc.=(was  bursting)  bulged  ivith  the  rank  vitality.  .  .  . 
Cam^agnsLrde=rustic.  Sent,  etc.=he  feels  his  heart;  is  emo- 
tionally conscious. 

343.  Indiscretion,  etc.  —  i.  e.,  related  U.'s  dreams  to  B. 
Placements,  etc,=investments  in  government  bonds. 

343.  En  fait  fL=scorns,  pooh-poohs  her.  Yotre  sac,  etc.= 
something  in  your  mind,  on  your  conscience  (hence,  inferen- 
tially), you  havenH  told  the  whole  story.  Sentiment,  etc.= 
Ood  has  endowed  us  with  a  {moral  impressibility)  judgment 
(i.  e.  conscience),  which  already  asserts  itself  (and,  as  usual,  re- 
veals its  action  to  others)  in  that  man.  Silence  du  prStre  — 
His  knowledge  was  obtained  virtually  at  the  confessional. 
Eclat  de  Yolx=spoken  words. 

344.  Parrain  des  reves,  etc.=which  the  Dr.  Minoret  of  your 
dreams  claims  .  .  .  M.arq\ie=indentation.  The  soft  pages 
of  the  book  were  pressed  tightly  on  the  interlying  papers  by 
the  unyielding  covers,  themselves  crowded  by  neighboring 
books  in  the  well-filled  case.  Co uYerture=: cover.  Baille- 
ment= spreading,  tendency  to  open  at  particular  place.  Mon- 
tez  d one = come  up,  won't  you  9  Garde,  etc,=fly-leaf  of  colored 
vellum  paper  —  here  the  cover-lining.  Bibliophile=/owd  of 
his  books. 

345.  Entrevoyant,  etc.=vagriteZ?/  foreseeing  a  criminal  suit. 
Inscriptions  — suggests  (1)  the  entry,  into  the  proper  volume, 


52 

of  the  name  of  each  creditor  and  the  amount  of  his  claim ;  C2) 
the  certificate  or  copy  of  such  entry ;  (3)  the  sum  of  money 
entered,  viewed  as  an  investment.  Trans. :  The  entries  in  the 
government  ledger  and  the  corresponding  certificates  issued 
have  as  many  series  as  there  are  letters  in  the  alphabet;  (he 
speaks  now  of  securities  registered  in  the  names  of  individuals, 
their  last  names  being  grouped  in  the  ledger  according  to  ini- 
tial letters ;  each  new  entry,  then,  is  made  in  that  part  of  the 
ledger  devoted  to  its  initial  letter  and  takes  the  number  next 
above  its  predecessor)  and  each  number  (as  copied  on  the  cer- 
tificate or  each  certificate)  bears  the  letter  of  the  series  to  which 
it  belongs.  But  bonds  payable  to  bearer  can  have  no  letter,  as 
they  are  registered  in  no  one's  name.  Plac6,  eic.=invested  in 
government  securities. 

346.  Dont  le  num^ro,  etc.  —  The  data  at  hand  are:  "M. 
33,533  — three  unlettered  numbers  — U.  23,534"  The  doctor 
has  used  U.  for  convenience  to  himself ;  the  government  en- 
try would  be  M.  for  Ursule  Mirouet.  The  registration  of  her 
bond  would  come  in  the  same  series  w-ith  that  of  the  bond  of 
the  doctor,  held  in  his  own  name.  The  number  of  Ursule's 
certificate  is  known  to  be  23,534.  If  the  number  of  the  doc- 
tor's is  found  to  be  23,533,  it  is  certain  that  both  registrations 
were  made  the  same  day  and  strongly  probable  that  the  other 
numbers  refer  to  unregistered  bonds  purchased  at  the  same 
time.  The  importance  of  these  numbers  appears  later.  Des- 
tinait,  etc.=ty/ia^  he  intended  should  be  hers  and  what  she 
already  owned.  Miuistere,  et(i.=through  the  agency  of  the 
same  broker.  Ses  f on ds--' what  he  regarded  as  his  estate,  to 
be  left  to  his  heirs.  Ses  Economies  —  what  he  regarded  as  his 
savings,  intended  for  U.  Liyre  des  transter\»=7^egister,  book 
recording  conveyances  of  government  bonds,  Pince,  etc.= 
Pve  caught  you.     'M.Qtns= silence!  (in  regard  to  this  matter). 

347.  Gsivton^paste^board  box  {ov  povtf olio).  Rameiia,  etc. — 
pulled  out  (from  among  others)  the  original  deed  (which  re- 
mained with  the  uotary,  the  principals  receiving  copies).  Conf. 
note  on  temoins,  page  197.  D^livrer,  eU.=do  me  the  favor 
to  hand  me  a  copy  of  this  item  in  the  inventory,  an  hour  hence; 
I  need  it  at  once  (am  waiting  for  it).  Voulez-vous,  etc. —  If 
you  expect  to  succeed  as  a  notary,  you  must  learn  to  do  j^our 
duty  without  asking  questions.    {jQiilen\ves= adders.    Trans.; 


53 

pocketed  affronts   enough.    Jttaitre =masfer  —  title  given  to 
notaries  and  other  members  of  the  legal  profession. 

348.  Boiitoiis  de  ruh\»=ruby  studs.  Rabattus  =pressed, 
smoothed  doivn.  Etude,  etc,=wisdom  comes  ivith  study  (in  a 
secondary  sense,  good  behavior  comes  in  my  case  with  the  pos- 
session of  a  law-office) ;  and,  further,  ivealth  is  the  source  of 
cleanliness  of  soul  as  well  as  of  body.  The  rich  have  the  time 
and  means  for  neatness  and  can  afford  to  be  honest.  D§mo- 
crate,  etc.— is  a  rich  tnan  ever  democratic  in  his  tastes? 

349.  Wot=ivittieis7n,  (here  unintentional  and  hence)  blunder. 
Etre  a  rarrgt=/o  halt  temporarily.  Eu  SLVY^t^pointing  (of 
a  dog).  Aux  arr§ts= under  (a  form  of  military)  arrest.  Sa- 
let6=(Ioosely  used)  impropriety.  Trans. :  I  would  save  a  client 
from  disgracing  himself.  Soustraction =a6sirac/zo?i.  theft. 
W\\\viiii=drafted,  wrote.  Opposition,  ete.^profesf,  warning 
not  to  transfer.  The  holder  of  the  securities  would  then  be 
called  upon  to  prove  his  right  to  them.  Even  if  they  had  been 
sold,  they  would  ultimately  be  traced  to  the  person  who  had 
them  from  the  doctor.  (^uotit6=^^e  amount.  Their  value 
was  not  known —^  only  the  numbers.  In  flocchi^w  all  her 
finery. 

350.  Sans  fsL^on^unceremoniously.  Complice=a7i  actor  in 
.  .  . ;  below  she  is  shown  to  be  strictly  "  complice"  in  the 
sense  of  responsible,  through  her  concealment  of  the  crime. 
Ji%^\MvLiiQVL=:removal  from  office,  Casser  le  cou^rwm.  Gen- 
darmerie, e)\,Q,.=the  police  are  already  on  their  horses  —  ready 
to  start.  Mandat  de  d6p0t==order  for  arrest.  Se  trouva 
viQ\=fainted.  Homme,  etc.=so  far  you  have  had  to  deal 
with  me  in  personal  and  not  in  official  relations.  Ressortis- 
sent,  etc.==Zie  within  the  jurisdiction  (of  the  Almighty). 

351.  Instruction =ea?amma^ton.  Entendus,  ete.=/ierz?ifer- 
ests,  rightly  understood,  call  for  a  compromise  (between  my 
duties  as  prosecuting  officer  and  my  duties  as  her  guardian). 
Mone  amit,  etc.=;Mon  ami,  je  suis  arretee  et  j'ai  tout  dit.  Re- 
mets  (deliver)  les  inscriptions  que  notre  oncle  avait  laissees  a 
,  ,  .  en  vertu  du  testament  que  tu  as  briile ;  car  mons.  le 
procureur  du  roi  vient  de  faire  opposition  au  Tresor.  D^n^ga- 
tions,  etc.  =false  statements  (denials)  which  would  ruin  him. 
Voir  ^  op^rer= Zoofc  to,  endeavor  to  arrange.  Engage ^admse, 
urge,    C\a(ii\emiir§e=cooped  up.    Oecultement,  etc.=  to  the 


64: 


injury  of  the  secret  Interests  of  U.  and  of  the  known  interests 
of  the  heirs. 

352.  Le  i^r^vxi^v— without  waiting  to  he  asked.  Vis-a-vis, 
etc.=m  my  conduct  with  her.  Meiiez  a  bien=6rmgr  to  a  success- 
ful issue.  Prds  le  tribunal  —customary  form  for  addressing 
this  official=:i/i  court.  Trait,  eic,=one  of  the  traces  unhooked 
(see  the  prediction,  page  329).  Sans  domestique,  etc.= was 
without  the  footman  {who  is  usually  seated)  at  the  back  of  the 
coach.     Sentaient,  eic.= smelted  their  ocCts. 

353.  Emport^s,  etc.  =  broke  away.  Marchepied  =  step. 
'Pi\nsem.ents=dressings  (of  his  injuries). 

354.  J)6fiiit=exhausted,  wan.  II  en  est^there  are  some. 
Toute  propria  t6  —  opposed  to  usufruct  and  to  possession  with- 
out enjoyment  of  mcoTaxQ^^ complete  possession.  H6tel-Dieu=: 
principal  hospital  in  Paris. 

355.  Revulsion,  etc.^diversion  (from  their  proper  courses) 
of  the  systemic  fluids.  Cousentement^  etc.  ^with  the  consent 
of.  Intervint,  eta.— was  present,  played  a  part  at  the  draw- 
ing of  the  contract.  HHLsLV^niWiQY^ church-warden.  Etdte, 
etc. = are  in.the  habit  of  lopping  or  heading  back.  Jets,  etc.= 
sending  out  shoots.  Ouverts,  etc.=i^s  trunk  gashed  open  and 
begging  (the  finishing  stroke  of)  the  axe  (to  end  its  wretched- 
ness). 

356.  Porte,  etc. — he  carries  something  more  than  his  body, 
i.  e.,  the  weight  of  the  Almiglity  hand  (see  below)  ov—he  has 
intelligence,  feeling.  S'est  appesanti =/ias  been  laid  heavily. 
'Rf.gissenr=manager.  Concier^e=portress,  guardian.  Es- 
c&rgoiB— snail-shells.  Oris-de-lin=7?aa;  gray,  violet  gray. 
Agr6ments=orna7nents,  trimmings. 

357.  Pervenclies=i)em(?mfcZes.  Jalouser  =  ermz/.  ^  Bachi- 
tiques  —  afflicted  with  spinal  disease.  Hydroc^pliales  —  af- 
flicted with  water  on  the  brain.  Presumably  B.  means  merely 
that  they  were  puny  and  sickly. 

358.  Troue,  etc.— she  plays  the  queen  by  the  aid  of  her  ac- 
quaintance with  the  king,  who  in  this  case  is  surely  democratic 
enough.  Soi-disant  —  adverbially  used.  Trams. :  as  she  puts 
it,  because  her  pen  spatters.  Chenille,  etc. —  for  cheville  (king- 
bolt, pivot).  Trans. :  mainspring.  Spliinx  —  for  lynx.  Coq- 
a-l'ane=random  talk.  Cr^mierana  —  collection  of  anec- 
dotes, etc. ,  of  which  she  is  the  heroirie«r^|j|6Etf.HS^hftpeariana. 
Bonheur,  etc,=is  fortunate. 


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